Hampton Lee
Department of Pediatrics, PO Box 208064, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2009 Jan;99(1):34-44. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.117952. Epub 2008 Nov 13.
Albert B. Sabin, MD, developer of the oral polio vaccine, was also a major proponent of its use in annual vaccination campaigns aimed at the elimination of polio. Sabin argued that administering his vaccine simultaneously to every child in a country would break polio's chains of transmission. Although he was already promoting mass vaccination by the 1960s, Sabin's efforts expanded considerably when he became an adviser to groups fighting polio in the Americas in the 1980s. Sabin's experiences provide a window into both the formation of the coalition that eliminated poliomyelitis from the Western Hemisphere and what can happen when biomedical researchers become public health policy advisers. Although the polio elimination coalition succeeded in part because member groups often accommodated each other's priorities, Sabin was often limited by his indifference to the interests of those he was advising and to the shortcomings of his vaccine.
医学博士阿尔伯特·B·萨宾是口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗的开发者，他也是在旨在消除脊髓灰质炎的年度疫苗接种运动中使用该疫苗的主要支持者。萨宾认为，在一个国家同时给每个儿童接种他的疫苗将打破脊髓灰质炎的传播链。尽管到20世纪60年代他就已经在推动大规模疫苗接种，但在20世纪80年代成为美洲抗击脊髓灰质炎组织的顾问后，萨宾的努力有了大幅扩展。萨宾的经历为了解从西半球消除脊髓灰质炎的联盟的形成以及生物医学研究人员成为公共卫生政策顾问时可能发生的情况提供了一个窗口。尽管消除脊髓灰质炎联盟取得成功部分是因为成员组织经常相互迁就彼此的优先事项，但萨宾常常因对他所建议对象的利益以及他的疫苗的缺点漠不关心而受到限制。
