Thomas Matthew J W, Petrilli Renée M
Centre for Applied Behavioural Science, University of South Australia, Woodville.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 Jan;77(1):41-5.
Crew familiarity, in terms of having recent operational experience together as a crew, is seen as an important safety-related variable. However, little evidence exists to unpack the underlying processes with respect to familiarity. This study investigated the relationships between crew familiarity, non-technical performance, and error management.
Data were collected during normal line operations at a commercial airline by observers using a methodology based on the Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA). A total of 154 flights were analyzed, 31% of which were operated by an unfamiliar crew, with 69% operated by a familiar crew.
The rate of error occurrence was found to be higher for unfamiliar crews, and these crews were found to make different types of errors when compared with familiar crews. However, with respect to the management of error events, no significant difference was found between unfamiliar and familiar crews. No significant effect of crew familiarity was found with respect to crews' non-technical performance. However, strong correlations were found between crews' non-technical performance and the management of errors.
The findings indicate that crew familiarity, in terms of whether a crew has flown together recently or not, has little operational significance with respect to the management of error events during normal line operations. Accordingly, the suggestion that unfamiliar crews operate at a higher level of safety-related risk was not supported. Non-technical performance appears to be a stronger driver of effective error management than crew familiarity, and is highlighted as a focus for further investigation and intervention.
机组人员的熟悉程度，即作为一个机组近期是否有共同的操作经验，被视为一个与安全相关的重要变量。然而，关于熟悉程度背后的潜在过程，几乎没有证据可循。本研究调查了机组人员熟悉程度、非技术性能和差错管理之间的关系。
观察员在一家商业航空公司的正常航线运营期间，采用基于航线运营安全审计（LOSA）的方法收集数据。共分析了154个航班，其中31%由不熟悉的机组执行，69%由熟悉的机组执行。
发现不熟悉的机组差错发生率更高，并且与熟悉的机组相比，这些机组会出现不同类型的差错。然而，在差错事件的管理方面，不熟悉和熟悉的机组之间没有发现显著差异。机组熟悉程度对机组人员的非技术性能没有显著影响。然而，机组人员的非技术性能与差错管理之间存在很强的相关性。
研究结果表明，就机组近期是否一起飞行而言，机组熟悉程度在正常航线运营期间对差错事件的管理几乎没有实际意义。因此，关于不熟悉的机组在与安全相关的风险更高水平上运行的建议未得到支持。非技术性能似乎比机组熟悉程度更能有效驱动差错管理，并且被强调为进一步调查和干预的重点。
