Glasner P D, Silveira C, Kruszon-Moran D, Martins M C, Burnier Júnior M, Silveira S, Camargo M E, Nussenblatt R B, Kaslow R A, Belfort Júnior R
Epidemiology and Biometry Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Am J Ophthalmol. 1992 Aug 15;114(2):136-44. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)73976-5.
Because of the frequency of ocular toxoplasmosis and its occurrence in multiple siblings in southern Brazil, a population-based household survey was performed to better understand the epidemiologic characteristics of the disease in this region. Of 1,042 individuals examined, 184 (17.7%) were deemed to have ocular toxoplasmosis on the basis of conservative assessment of ophthalmic findings. Of those with ocular toxoplasmosis, 183 (99.5%) had specific IgG antibodies, compared with only 140 of 181 age-matched control subjects (77.4%; P less than .001). The prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis was 0.9% in 1- to 8-year-olds, 4.3% in 9- to 12-year-olds, 14.3% in 13- to 16-year-olds, and 21.3% (95% confidence interval, 18.6% to 24.2%) in all individuals 13 years or older. The prevalence of ocular toxoplasmosis in this population was more than 30 times higher than previous estimates for the same condition elsewhere. The low prevalence in the young children we studied supplements previous data suggesting that, in this population, ocular toxoplasmosis is a sequela of postnatal rather than congenital infection.
由于巴西南部眼弓形虫病的发病率较高且在多个兄弟姐妹中出现，因此开展了一项基于人群的家庭调查，以更好地了解该地区这种疾病的流行病学特征。在接受检查的1042人中，根据眼科检查结果的保守评估，有184人（17.7%）被认为患有眼弓形虫病。在患有眼弓形虫病的人中，183人（99.5%）有特异性IgG抗体，而在181名年龄匹配的对照受试者中只有140人（77.4%）有特异性IgG抗体（P<0.001）。1至8岁儿童眼弓形虫病的患病率为0.9%，9至12岁儿童为4.3%，13至16岁儿童为14.3%，13岁及以上所有个体为21.3%（95%置信区间为18.6%至24.2%）。该人群中眼弓形虫病的患病率比其他地方对相同情况的先前估计高出30多倍。我们研究的幼儿中患病率较低，这补充了先前的数据，表明在该人群中，眼弓形虫病是产后而非先天性感染的后遗症。
