Bouratbine A, Aoun K, Gharbi M, Haouas N, Zaroui J, Harrat Z, Baba H, Darghouth M A
Laboratoire de parasitologie clinique, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, 13 Place Pasteur. B.P. 74. 1002, Tunis Belvedère, Tunisie.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2005 Dec;98(5):359-62.
Epidemiological, clinical and parasitological data concerning canine leishmaniasis were collected in two Tunisian populations of dogs, different in breed and life style: 23 rural dogs and 26 dogs of European breeds. All were symptomatic and lived in the north of Tunisia where human visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum are endemic. Leishmaniasis has been confirmed in all dogs by serology or/and by parasitic identification. Significant differences concerning age and symptoms suggest a higher susceptibility to infection in European imported breeds. In fact individuals of this population were significantly younger; 81% were less than 5 years old whereas 57% of the autochthonous rural dogs were more than 5 years old with 31% of them being older than 9 (p = 0.014). In spite of their young age, 75% of imported breeds presented an affection of their general state with more frequent cutaneous symptoms than the rural dogs (96% versus 69%, p = 0.02). Isoenzyme typing of 31 strains, obtained from the two populations, from different sites (blood, lymph nodes, spleen) has only identified the zymodeme Leishmania infantum MON-1. This stresses the need of more investigations to determine reservoirs of the other enzymatic variants identified in humans in Tunisia and Mediterranean basin.
在突尼斯两个犬种和生活方式不同的犬类群体中收集了有关犬利什曼病的流行病学、临床和寄生虫学数据：23只农村犬和26只欧洲品种犬。所有犬均有症状，生活在突尼斯北部，那里婴儿利什曼原虫引起的人类内脏利什曼病和皮肤利什曼病为地方病。所有犬均通过血清学或/和寄生虫鉴定确诊为利什曼病。年龄和症状方面的显著差异表明欧洲进口品种对感染的易感性更高。事实上，该群体的个体明显更年轻；81%的犬龄小于5岁，而本地农村犬中有57%的犬龄超过5岁，其中31%的犬龄超过9岁（p = 0.014）。尽管进口品种犬龄较小，但75%的进口品种犬出现全身状况受累，皮肤症状比农村犬更频繁（96%对69%，p = 0.02）。从这两个群体的不同部位（血液、淋巴结、脾脏）获得的31株菌株的同工酶分型仅鉴定出婴儿利什曼原虫MON-1酶带型。这强调需要进行更多调查，以确定在突尼斯和地中海盆地人类中鉴定出的其他酶变体的储存宿主。
