Effect of aprotinin on postoperative blood loss in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY

Off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) enables a reduction in postoperative complications, particularly bleeding and transfusion. Nevertheless, a significant percentage of patients still needs transfusion. The effect of antifibrinolytic therapy on postoperative bleeding as part of OPCAB is still not widely described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential benefit of aprotinin in OPCAB.

METHODS

We conducted a retrospective comparative study with a historical control group. Consecutive patients undergoing off-pump coronary bypass were divided in two groups: 40 patients were operated without any antifibinolytic drug (group C); 40 patients received aprotinin (group A) during surgery. Patients in group A received a bolus of 2 x 10(6) KIU during 30 minutes, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 x 10(6) KIU per hour until the end of surgery. The same protocol was used during the whole study period.

RESULTS

Preoperative data of the two groups did not differ except for the number of grafts performed, which was higher in group A. Prothrombin time and activated clotting time increased in both groups after surgery. The use of packed red blood cells or fresh frozen plasma was not significantly different between both groups. Postoperative blood loss was significantly reduced in the aprotinin group (540 mL +/- 320 vs. 770 mL +/- 390, p = 0.006). No increase in postoperative troponin values was found in group A.

CONCLUSIONS

Aprotinin significantly reduced postoperative blood loss without reducing the transfusion rate. Aprotinin was not associated with any increase in postoperative complications.