Chambers Julie A, Swanson Vivien
Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland FK9 4LA, UK.
Patient Educ Couns. 2006 Jul;62(1):79-88. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2005.06.007. Epub 2006 Jan 23.
Although many individual health behaviours have been implicated in the current rise in obesity levels, their confounding or cumulative effects have yet to be established. This study piloted a measure of multiple risk factors for obesity, designed to assess their relative importance at individual and population levels.
A 100-item, user-friendly, self-report questionnaire, was completed by 80 adult volunteers (67% female, age range 19-73 years), and related to Body Mass Index (BMI).
Dietary factors significantly related to BMI were higher amount of food consumption and more non-hunger related eating. BMI was strongly related to both negative attitudes/emotions towards and negative social influences on physical activity/exercise. Higher BMI was also related to less participation in physical activity/exercise, more sedentary leisure pursuits (e.g. TV watching) and lower general activity levels (e.g. more car usage). A regression analysis of all risk factors explained around 56% of the variance in BMI.
The pilot measure was able to differentiate between weight groups on a number of risk factors. The strong associations found between BMI and attitudes, emotions and social influences on eating and activity behaviours may help explain why many diet and exercise regimes are unsuccessful.
Results demonstrate that an easy-to-complete, self-report tool of multiple risk factors for obesity has potential as a health assessment tool for use by health professionals.
尽管许多个人健康行为被认为与当前肥胖率上升有关，但其混杂效应或累积效应尚未得到证实。本研究对一种肥胖多风险因素测量方法进行了试点，旨在评估其在个体和人群层面的相对重要性。
80名成年志愿者（67%为女性，年龄范围19 - 73岁）完成了一份100项、便于使用的自我报告问卷，该问卷与体重指数（BMI）相关。
与BMI显著相关的饮食因素包括食物摄入量较多以及更多与非饥饿相关的进食。BMI与对体育活动/锻炼的消极态度/情绪以及消极社会影响密切相关。较高的BMI还与较少参与体育活动/锻炼、更多久坐不动的休闲活动（如看电视）以及较低的总体活动水平（如更多使用汽车）有关。对所有风险因素的回归分析解释了BMI约56%的方差。
该试点测量方法能够在多个风险因素上区分不同体重组。BMI与饮食和活动行为的态度、情绪及社会影响之间的紧密关联可能有助于解释为何许多饮食和锻炼方案都不成功。
结果表明，一种易于完成的肥胖多风险因素自我报告工具具有作为健康专业人员使用的健康评估工具的潜力。
