McConville B J, Sanberg P R, Fogelson M H, King J, Cirino P, Parker K W, Norman A B
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0559.
Biol Psychiatry. 1992 Apr 15;31(8):832-40. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(92)90315-q.
We studied the effects of chewing nicotine gum on tic frequency and severity in 10 patients with Tourette's disorder (TD) on haloperidol, versus 9 untreated TD patients; placebo gum was administered to 5 of these untreated patients. Videotapes of patients during a 2-hr period of 30 min baseline, 30 min gum chewing, and two 30-min postgum-chewing periods were utilized. For those TD patients on haloperidol, significant reductions occurred in tic frequency and severity during the gum-chewing and the two postgum-chewing periods. Nicotine gum alone caused a decrease in tic frequency only during gum-chewing and one postgum-chewing period, while placebo gum showed no effect. In this study, nicotine markedly potentiated haloperidol effects in treating TD, and showed lesser effects on TD when used alone.