Sanberg P R, McConville B J, Fogelson H M, Manderscheid P Z, Parker K W, Blythe M M, Klykylo W M, Norman A B
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, OH 45267-0559.
Biomed Pharmacother. 1989;43(1):19-23. doi: 10.1016/0753-3322(89)90186-8.
Nicotine was found to markedly potentiate haloperidol-induced hypokinesia in rats. Nicotine alone was without effect. Subsequently, concurrent administration of 2 mg nicotine gum to 10 Tourette syndrome patients being treated with haloperidol produced a substantial decrease in tics and improvement of concentration and attention span. Nicotine gum alone was without effect. While 80% of children showed improvement with nicotine gum, 70% completely discontinued the gum because of side-effects, primarily involving nausea and bitter taste. Nicotine may prove useful for treating other neuroleptic responsive disorders, such as schizophrenia and Huntington's disease.
研究发现，尼古丁可显著增强氟哌啶醇诱导的大鼠运动不能。单独使用尼古丁则无此作用。随后，对10名正在接受氟哌啶醇治疗的抽动秽语综合征患者同时给予2毫克尼古丁口香糖，结果抽动症状大幅减少，注意力和注意力持续时间得到改善。单独使用尼古丁口香糖则无效果。虽然80%的儿童使用尼古丁口香糖后症状有所改善，但70%的儿童因副作用（主要是恶心和口苦）而完全停止使用该口香糖。尼古丁可能被证明对治疗其他对神经安定药有反应的疾病有用，如精神分裂症和亨廷顿舞蹈症。
