Saoudi N, Yaici K, Zarkane N, Darmon J P, Rinaldi J P, Brunner P, Ricard P, Mourou M Y
Centre hospitalier Princesse Grace, 98000 Monaco.
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 2005 Dec;98 Spec No 5:48-53.
Sports arrhythmia has gained wide attention with the mediatization of the death of famous sports stars. Sport strongly modifies the structure of the heart with the development of left ventricular hypertrophy which may be difficult to differentiate from that due to doping. Intense training modifies also the resting electrocardiogram with appearance of signs of left ventricular hypertrophy whereas resting sinus bradycardia and atrioventricular conduction disturbances usually reverts upon exertion. Accordingly, arrhythmia may develop ranging from extrasystoles to atrial fibrillation and even sudden death. Recent data suggest that if benign arrhythmia may be the result of the sole intense training and are reversible, malignant ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death mostly occur in unknown structural heart disease. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is amongst the most frequent post mortem diagnosis in this situation. Doping is now present in many sports and further threatens the athlete in the safe practice of sport.
随着著名体育明星死亡事件的媒体曝光，运动性心律失常受到了广泛关注。运动通过左心室肥厚的发展强烈改变心脏结构，这可能难以与因使用兴奋剂导致的左心室肥厚相区分。高强度训练也会改变静息心电图，出现左心室肥厚的迹象，而静息窦性心动过缓和房室传导障碍通常在运动时恢复正常。因此，心律失常可能从早搏发展到心房颤动甚至猝死。最近的数据表明，如果良性心律失常可能是单纯高强度训练的结果且是可逆的，那么恶性室性心律失常和猝死大多发生在不明原因的结构性心脏病中。肥厚型心肌病是这种情况下最常见的尸检诊断结果之一。如今，使用兴奋剂在许多运动项目中都存在，这进一步威胁着运动员的安全运动。
