Strohschein Lisa
Department of Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
J Health Soc Behav. 2005 Dec;46(4):359-75. doi: 10.1177/002214650504600404.
Although it is widely accepted that low household income is associated with worse child mental health, less is known about whether income histories, often differentiated into stable and dynamic components, also matter. Using longitudinal data from the Child Supplement of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth, comprising the repeated measures of children ages 4 to 14 from 1986 to 1998 inclusive, I estimate generalized linear mixed models to evaluate the influence of household income histories on child depression and antisocial behavior over time. Results indicate that, at initial interview, low household income is associated with higher levels of depression and antisocial behavior; subsequent improvements in household income reduce child mental health problems. Further, the effect of initial household income on the rate of change in child depression attenuates as children grow older, whereas for antisocial behavior the effect of initial household income becomes stronger over time. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the ways in which children are influenced by their families' income histories.
尽管人们普遍认为家庭收入低与儿童心理健康状况较差有关，但对于收入历史（通常分为稳定和动态部分）是否也有影响却知之甚少。利用全国青年纵向研究儿童补充调查的纵向数据，这些数据包括1986年至1998年（含）4至14岁儿童的重复测量数据，我估计了广义线性混合模型，以评估家庭收入历史随时间对儿童抑郁和反社会行为的影响。结果表明，在初次访谈时，家庭收入低与抑郁和反社会行为水平较高有关；随后家庭收入的改善会减少儿童心理健康问题。此外，随着儿童年龄增长，初始家庭收入对儿童抑郁变化率的影响会减弱，而对于反社会行为，初始家庭收入的影响会随着时间推移而增强。这些发现凸显了理解儿童受家庭收入历史影响方式的重要性。
