Gao Ning, Armatas N Gabriel, Shanley James B, Kamman Neil C, Miller Eric K, Keeler Gerald J, Scherbatskoy Timothy, Holsen Thomas M, Young Thomas, McIlroy Lyn, Drake Stephen, Olsen Bill, Cady Carol
Department of Chemistry, St. Lawrence University, Canton, New York 13617, USA.
Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Jan 1;40(1):82-9. doi: 10.1021/es050513b.
A mass balance model for mercury in Lake Champlain was developed in an effort to understand the sources, inventories, concentrations, and effects of mercury (Hg) contamination in the lake ecosystem. To construct the mass balance model, air, water, and sediment were sampled as a part of this project and other research/monitoring projects in the Lake Champlain Basin. This project produced a STELLA-based computer model and quantitative apportionments of the principal input and output pathways of Hg for each of 13 segments in the lake. The model Hg concentrations in the lake were consistent with measured concentrations. Specifically, the modeling identified surface water inflows as the largest direct contributor of Hg into the lake. Direct wet deposition to the lake was the second largest source of Hg followed by direct dry deposition. Volatilization and sedimentation losses were identified as the two major removal mechanisms. This study significantly improves previous estimates of the relative importance of Hg input pathways and of wet and dry deposition fluxes of Hg into Lake Champlain. It also provides new estimates of volatilization fluxes across different lake segments and sedimentation loss in the lake.
为了了解尚普兰湖生态系统中汞（Hg）污染的来源、存量、浓度和影响，开发了一个尚普兰湖汞的质量平衡模型。为构建该质量平衡模型，作为本项目以及尚普兰湖流域其他研究/监测项目的一部分，对空气、水和沉积物进行了采样。该项目生成了一个基于STELLA的计算机模型，并对湖泊13个区域中汞的主要输入和输出途径进行了定量分配。湖泊中的模型汞浓度与实测浓度一致。具体而言，建模确定地表水流入是汞进入湖泊的最大直接贡献源。湖泊的直接湿沉降是汞的第二大来源，其次是直接干沉降。挥发和沉降损失被确定为两种主要的去除机制。这项研究显著改进了先前对汞输入途径以及汞进入尚普兰湖的湿沉降和干沉降通量相对重要性的估计。它还提供了不同湖泊区域挥发通量和湖泊沉降损失的新估计值。
