Effects of thyroid and ovaries on prolactin binding activity in rat liver.

125I-radiolabeled ovine prolactin (oPRL) binding activity was measured in microsomal membranes of liver tissue from intact, ovariectomized, ovariectomized-thyroidectomized, and ovariectomized-thyroidectomized rats injected with thyroxine (T4) or estradiol benzoate (EB). Thyroidectomy and ovariectomy each reduced PRL binding activity in liver tissue significantly. The combination of ovariectomy and thyroidectomy decreased PRL binding activity more than thyroidectomy or ovariectomy alone. Doses of 2.5 mug or 10 mug T4/100 g BW daily returned PRL binding activity in the thyroidectomized rats to intact control values, and in the ovariectomized-thyroidectomized rats to the ovariectomized values. A dose of 2 mug EB/rat increased PRL binding activity significantly in ovariectomized-thyroidectomized rats, and a combination of 2 mug EB and 2.5 mug T4/100E that of intact controls. Scatchard analysis showed that ovariectomy and thyroidectomy decreased the number of PRL binding sites in the liver as compared to those in intact controls or in ovariectomized-thyroidectomized rats treated with EB and T4. It is concluded that the thyroid and ovaries are important regulators of PRL binding activity in the liver of the rat.