Kershner J, Micallef J
Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Canada.
Brain Lang. 1992 Jul;43(1):66-82. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(92)90021-6.
Two studies with the same subjects examined dyslexic children's puzzling superiority in forced left ear (LE) dichotic recall with consonant-vowel (CV) combinations. Thirty dysphonemic dyslexics were compared to 30 age-matched and 30 younger reading-matched normal readers. The children were tested in directed attention dichotic listening and in pseudoword decoding, word recognition, reading comprehension, spelling, arithmetic, and general intelligence (IQ). Failure to replicate the LE effect in the first experiment or in free-recall trials suggests its probable origin in aberrant attention/arousal rather than in deviant verbal lateralization. Experiment two replicated the superior LE effect in comparison to both control groups but also found the dyslexics poorer at the right ear (RE). Laterality coefficients confirmed that the dyslexics were more weakly lateralized. Corrections for stimulus dominance revealed that the uncorrected scores (1) concealed the extreme difficulty of the task and (2) obscured floor effects in the LE performance of the normals. Correlations suggest cautiously that CV lateralization may be associated inversely with reading comprehension and word decoding in the dyslexics and normal readers. The results provide mild support for the hypothesis that weak attentional lateralization for CVs in dyslexia may result from the precocious development of posterior right hemisphere attentional systems in compensation for presumed posterior left hemisphere lesions. No support was found for the competing hypothesis that such weak lateralization may be a component of the dyslexics' primary, correlated, or secondary deficit symptomatology.
两项针对相同受试者的研究,考察了诵读困难儿童在使用辅音 - 元音(CV)组合的强制左耳(LE)双耳分听回忆中令人费解的优势。将30名语音障碍诵读困难儿童与30名年龄匹配以及30名阅读能力匹配的较年轻正常读者进行了比较。对这些儿童进行了定向注意双耳分听测试,以及假词解码、单词识别、阅读理解、拼写、算术和一般智力(智商)测试。在第一个实验或自由回忆试验中未能重现左耳效应,这表明其可能源于异常的注意力/唤醒,而非异常的语言侧化。实验二重现了与两个对照组相比的左耳优势效应,但也发现诵读困难儿童在右耳(RE)表现较差。偏侧系数证实诵读困难儿童的侧化程度较弱。对刺激优势的校正表明,未校正的分数(1)掩盖了任务的极端难度,(2)掩盖了正常儿童左耳表现中的地板效应。相关性谨慎地表明,在诵读困难儿童和正常读者中,CV侧化可能与阅读理解和单词解码呈负相关。这些结果为以下假设提供了一定支持:诵读困难中对CV的注意力侧化较弱可能是由于右半球后部注意力系统的早熟发展,以补偿假定的左半球后部病变。对于竞争假设,即这种弱侧化可能是诵读困难儿童主要、相关或次要缺陷症状学的一个组成部分,未找到支持证据。