Monchi Oury, Petrides Michael, Strafella Antonio P, Worsley Keith J, Doyon Julien
Functional Neuroimaging Unit, Centre de Recherhe, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Ann Neurol. 2006 Feb;59(2):257-64. doi: 10.1002/ana.20742.
Recent studies of functional brain imaging have shown the involvement of the basal ganglia in executive processes such as planning and set-shifting. However, the specific contributions of the striatum in those processes remain unknown. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the caudate nucleus is primarily involved in the preparation of a novel action and not in set-shifting per se.
In the present event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, a new task was developed that permitted, for the first time, to distinguish between shifts in classification when the rule is implicitly given by the task from shifts that require cognitive comparison and planning.
Significantly increased activity in the caudate nucleus and the putamen was observed only in conditions in which cognitive planning was required to perform a set-shift, whereas significant activation was seen in the subthalamic nucleus (another region of the basal ganglia) in all shifting conditions whether or not planning was required.
We suggest that the caudate nucleus and the putamen are particularly important, respectively, in the planning and the execution of a self-generated novel action, whereas the subthalamic nucleus may be required when a new motor program is solicited independently of the choice of strategy.
近期脑功能成像研究表明基底神经节参与诸如计划和定势转换等执行过程。然而，纹状体在这些过程中的具体作用仍不清楚。本研究旨在验证尾状核主要参与新动作的准备而非定势转换本身这一假设。
在本事件相关功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究中，开发了一项新任务，首次能够区分任务隐含给出规则时的分类转换与需要认知比较和计划的转换。
仅在执行定势转换需要认知计划的条件下，观察到尾状核和壳核的活动显著增加，而无论是否需要计划，在所有转换条件下，底丘脑核（基底神经节的另一个区域）均出现显著激活。
我们认为，尾状核和壳核分别在自主产生新动作的计划和执行中尤为重要，而当独立于策略选择而需要新的运动程序时，可能需要底丘脑核。
