Link Michael W, Ahluwalia Indu B, Euler Gary L, Bridges Carolyn B, Chu Susan Y, Wortley Pascale M
National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE, K-66, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 2006 Mar 15;163(6):571-8. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwj086. Epub 2006 Jan 27.
During the 2004-2005 influenza season, the supply of vaccine to the United States was significantly reduced. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices issued interim recommendations for prioritizing vaccination. Given trends in racial/ethnic disparities in vaccination for influenza, the authors assessed the impact of the shortage on those historically less likely to be vaccinated. Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, they considered vaccination coverage among those non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Hispanics who had priority for being vaccinated during the 2004-2005 influenza season. The vaccine shortage had a significant negative effect on coverage among adults aged 65 years or older across the three racial/ethnic groups. Yet, the magnitude of the disparities in coverage did not change significantly from previous seasons. This finding may imply similar patterns of vaccine-seeking behavior during shortage and nonshortage years. No racial/ethnic differences were seen among adults aged 18-64 years, which likely reflects the higher percentage of health-care workers in this age group. Yearly monitoring of influenza vaccine coverage is important to assess the long-term impact of shortages on overall coverage and gaps in coverage between racial/ethnic groups.
在2004 - 2005年流感季节期间，美国的疫苗供应大幅减少。作为应对措施，疾病控制与预防中心以及免疫实践咨询委员会发布了关于优先接种疫苗的临时建议。鉴于流感疫苗接种在种族/族裔方面存在差异的趋势，作者评估了疫苗短缺对那些历来接种可能性较低人群的影响。他们利用行为风险因素监测系统的数据，考量了在2004 - 2005年流感季节有优先接种资格的非西班牙裔白人、非西班牙裔黑人以及西班牙裔人群的疫苗接种覆盖率。疫苗短缺对这三个种族/族裔群体中65岁及以上成年人的接种覆盖率产生了显著的负面影响。然而，各群体间接种覆盖率的差异幅度与前几个季节相比并没有显著变化。这一发现可能意味着在疫苗短缺年份和非短缺年份，人们寻求疫苗的行为模式相似。在18 - 64岁成年人中未观察到种族/族裔差异，这可能反映出该年龄组中医疗保健工作者的比例较高。每年监测流感疫苗接种覆盖率对于评估疫苗短缺对总体覆盖率的长期影响以及不同种族/族裔群体之间的覆盖率差距至关重要。
