Young L D
U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Clay Center, NE 68933.
J Anim Sci. 1992 Jul;70(7):2020-9. doi: 10.2527/1992.7072020x.
Meishan, Fengjing, Minzhu, and Duroc boars were mated by AI to crossbred gilts to compare the sire breeds for effects on productivity of their mates and performance of their progeny. Gilts were derived from a four-way cross of Chester White, Landrace, Large White, and Yorkshire. At weaning, litters sired by Meishan boars averaged 1.69 and 1.32 more pigs than those sired by Duroc and Minzhu boars, respectively (P less than .05). Pigs sired by Meishan and Fengjing boars averaged 1.2 to 1.8 more nipples than pigs sired by Duroc and Minzhu boars (P less than .05). Minzhu-sired pigs had a lower (P less than .05) survival rate to 14 and 28 d of age than did those sired by Meishan, Fengjing, and Duroc. Fengjing-sired pigs were heavier than Minzhu-sired pigs at birth and heavier than Minzhu- and Duroc-sired pigs at 14, 28, and 56 d of age (P less than .05). At 70 d of age, Meishan-sired pigs were heaviest, followed in order by Fengjing-, Duroc-, and Minzhu-sired pigs. At 98 d of age, Meishan-sired pigs were significantly heavier than all other breed groups and Duroc-sired pigs were significantly heavier than Minzhu-sired pigs. At 126 and 154 d of age, Duroc-sired pigs were heaviest, followed in order by Meishan-, Fengjing-, and Minzhu-sired pigs; all differences were significant. Average backfat thickness of gilts at 99.7 kg was least for Duroc-sired gilts and highest for Meishan-sired gilts. Sire breed groups did not differ significantly in feed efficiency from 70 to 98 d of age. Duroc-sired pigs were the most efficient (P less than .05) from 98 to 126 and 126 to 154 d of age. Results indicate that use of these Chinese breeds in crossbreeding programs will decrease performance traits. This decrease would have to be offset by increases in reproductive efficiency of Chinese sows, use of repartitioning agents, or other management techniques if Chinese pigs are to improve overall production efficiency of a crossbreeding program.
采用人工授精的方式，让梅山猪、枫泾猪、民猪和杜洛克公猪与杂种母猪交配，以比较父本品种对其配偶生产力及后代性能的影响。母猪来源于切斯特白猪、长白猪、大白猪和约克夏猪的四元杂交后代。断奶时，梅山公猪所产仔猪平均比杜洛克公猪和民猪所产仔猪分别多1.69头和1.32头（P < 0.05）。梅山猪和枫泾猪所产仔猪的乳头数平均比杜洛克猪和民猪所产仔猪多1.2至1.8个（P < 0.05）。民猪所产仔猪在14日龄和28日龄时的存活率低于梅山猪、枫泾猪和杜洛克猪所产仔猪（P < 0.05）。枫泾猪所产仔猪出生时比民猪所产仔猪重，在14日龄、28日龄和56日龄时比民猪和杜洛克猪所产仔猪重（P < 0.05）。70日龄时，梅山猪所产仔猪最重，其次依次是枫泾猪、杜洛克猪和民猪所产仔猪。98日龄时，梅山猪所产仔猪显著重于所有其他品种组，杜洛克猪所产仔猪显著重于民猪所产仔猪。126日龄和154日龄时，杜洛克猪所产仔猪最重，其次依次是梅山猪、枫泾猪和民猪所产仔猪；所有差异均显著。体重99.7千克时，杜洛克猪所产母猪的平均背膘厚度最薄，梅山猪所产母猪的平均背膘厚度最厚。70至98日龄期间，父本品种组在饲料效率方面无显著差异。98至126日龄以及126至154日龄期间，杜洛克猪所产仔猪效率最高（P < 0.05）。结果表明，在杂交计划中使用这些中国品种会降低生产性能。如果中国猪要提高杂交计划的整体生产效率，这种性能下降必须通过提高中国母猪的繁殖效率、使用 repartitioning agents 或其他管理技术来抵消。
