Young L D
Roman L. Hruska U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, ARS, USDA, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1995 Dec;73(12):3534-42. doi: 10.2527/1995.73123534x.
Pigs were the progeny of White Composite (WC) boars mated to F1 Duroc x WC, Meishan x WC, Fengjing x WC, and Minzhu x WC gilts. Meishan and Fengjing crosses had more (P < .05) nipples than Duroc and Minzhu crosses. Meishan and Minzhu crosses had a higher survival rate at birth (P < .05) than Duroc and Fengjing crosses, but breed types did not differ significantly (P approximately .29) for survival to 14 or 28 d of age. Duroc crosses were heavier (P < .05) than Fengjing and Minzhu crosses at 0, 28, 56, 70, 98, 126, and 154 d of age; they were heavier (P < .05) than Meishan crosses at 0, 28, 98, 126, and 154 d of age. Chinese crosses had similar weights at most ages, although Meishan crosses were heavier (P < .05) than Fengjing and Minzhu crosses at 126 and 154 d of age. Breed types did not differ significantly (P approximately .27) for feed efficiency during the nursery period. Over the entire finishing period, Duroc-cross gilts (.3310) were less efficient (P < .05) than Meishan (.3436), Fengjing (.3454), or Minzhu crosses (.3466); among barrows Meishan crosses (.3176) were least efficient (P < .05), Fengjing crosses (.3263) were most efficient (P < .05), and Duroc (.3211) and Minzhu (.3209) were intermediate but not significantly different from the Meishan or Fengjing crosses. At a constant age, Duroc crosses had longer carcasses, greater longissimus muscle area, and heavier slaughter weight, carcass weight, and weight of untrimmed cuts and trimmed cuts than the Chinese crosses (P < .05). There were few significant differences among breed types for carcass traits at a constant carcass weight. Results show that, relative to one-half Duroc females, incorporation of one-half Chinese females into a crossbreeding program will result in progeny with a significant decrease in rate of growth (approximately 9% for weight at 154 d of age) and a small, nonsignificant decrease in yield of trimmed lean cuts (approximately 5%) at a constant carcass weight.
猪是白色复合（WC）公猪与F1杜洛克×WC、梅山×WC、枫泾×WC和民猪×WC母猪交配所生的后代。梅山和枫泾杂交后代的乳头数比杜洛克和民猪杂交后代多（P < 0.05）。梅山和民猪杂交后代出生时的存活率高于杜洛克和枫泾杂交后代（P < 0.05），但在14日龄或28日龄时的存活率，品种类型间差异不显著（P约为0.29）。杜洛克杂交后代在0、28、56、70、98、126和154日龄时比枫泾和民猪杂交后代重（P < 0.05）；在0、28、98、126和154日龄时比梅山杂交后代重（P < 0.05）。中国品种杂交后代在大多数年龄时体重相似，不过在126和154日龄时，梅山杂交后代比枫泾和民猪杂交后代重（P < 0.05）。在保育期，品种类型间的饲料效率差异不显著（P约为0.27）。在整个育肥期，杜洛克杂交母猪（0.3310）的效率低于梅山（0.3436）、枫泾（0.3454）或民猪杂交后代（0.3466）（P < 0.05）；在公猪中，梅山杂交后代（0.3176）效率最低（P < 0.05），枫泾杂交后代（0.3263）效率最高（P < 0.05），杜洛克（0.3211）和民猪（0.3209）居中，但与梅山或枫泾杂交后代差异不显著。在相同年龄时，杜洛克杂交后代的胴体更长，背最长肌面积更大，屠宰体重、胴体重以及未修整切块和修整切块的重量比中国品种杂交后代重（P < 0.05）。在相同胴体重时，品种类型间胴体性状差异不大。结果表明，相对于一半杜洛克母本，在杂交育种方案中加入一半中国母本，将使后代生长速度显著下降（154日龄体重下降约9%），在相同胴体重时，修整后瘦肉切块产量略有下降但不显著（约5%）。
