Wendelschafer-Crabb G, Kennedy W R, Walk D
Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, J-119 Diehl Hall, 505 Essex St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Neurol Sci. 2006 Mar 15;242(1-2):15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2005.11.010. Epub 2006 Jan 31.
Skin biopsy is an effective test for diagnosis of peripheral nerve disorders. The most commonly reported indication of abnormality in a skin biopsy is reduction of epidermal nerve density. Morphological changes of epidermal nerves and the underlying subepidermal nerve plexus provide added evidence for the presence of neuropathy. We determined the prevalence of epidermal axon swellings, dermal axon swellings, and a unique type of epidermal nerve that we call a crawler, in a group of normal subjects, diabetic subjects, and patients with idiopathic small fiber neuropathy. Other morphologic features examined include thinning of the subepidermal nerve plexus, sprouts at nerve terminals, encapsulated endings, and immunoreactive basal cells.
皮肤活检是诊断周围神经疾病的一种有效检测方法。皮肤活检中最常报告的异常指征是表皮神经密度降低。表皮神经和其下方的皮下神经丛的形态学变化为神经病变的存在提供了更多证据。我们测定了一组正常受试者、糖尿病受试者和特发性小纤维神经病变患者中表皮轴突肿胀、真皮轴突肿胀以及一种我们称为“爬行者”的独特类型表皮神经的患病率。所检查的其他形态学特征包括皮下神经丛变薄、神经末梢的芽、被膜末梢和免疫反应性基底细胞。
