Cassol Vitor Emanuel, Rizzato Tiago Moraes, Teche Stefania Pigatto, Basso Débora Fernanda, Centenaro Diogo Ferrari, Maldonado Martín, Moraes Eliane Zenir Colpo, Hirakata Vânia Naomi, Solé Dirceu, Menna-Barreto Sérgio Saldanha
Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Santa Maria's University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
J Asthma. 2006 Jan-Feb;43(1):57-60. doi: 10.1080/02770900500448597.
Obesity has been pointed out as a risk factor for higher prevalence of asthma and asthma-related symptoms in adolescents. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the prevalence of asthma and obesity in adolescents living in Santa Maria and surroundings (state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil), applying the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol. A total of 4,010 of 6,123 schoolchildren, 13 to 14 years of age, enrolled in the ISAAC phase III protocol (asthma core questionnaire) and were nutritionally evaluated: height, weight, and triceps skinfold (TSF) measurements. Prevalence of asthma (wheeze in the last 12 months) and prevalence of severe asthma (two or more affirmative responses to: more than 4 acute attacks of asthma, speech disturbance, sleep disturbance, wheezing with exercise) were evaluated and compared according to their nutritional status: obese and non-obese. Obese adolescents were defined by body mass index (BMI, in kg/m(2)) > or =85th percentile and TSF > or =85th percentile. Obese and non-obese groups were compared for prevalence of asthma and asthma severity using the Chi-square test and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval. Analyzing all adolescents, we observed a significant positive relationship between the prevalence of obesity and affirmative responses to "wheeze ever" (OR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.08-1.52), "wheezing with exercise" (OR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.11-1.66), "asthma ever" (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.03-1.62), and severe asthma (OR = 1.55; 95% CI 1.12-2.14). Among the boys, there was a significant positive association between obesity and "wheeze ever" (OR = 1.49; 95% CI 1.13-1.86). In girls, there was a significant positive relationship with "asthma ever" (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.01-1.88) and "wheezing with exercise" (OR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.11-1.66). This cross-sectional study with adolescents living in the southern region of Brazil showed that there is a positive association between obesity and prevalence of asthma symptoms and asthma severity, a finding mainly confined to girls.
肥胖已被指出是青少年哮喘及哮喘相关症状患病率较高的一个风险因素。本研究旨在运用儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）方案，评估居住在圣玛丽亚及其周边地区（巴西南部南里奥格兰德州）的青少年中哮喘患病率与肥胖之间的关系。共有6123名13至14岁的学童参与了ISAAC第三阶段方案（哮喘核心问卷），并接受了营养评估：测量身高、体重和肱三头肌皮褶厚度（TSF）。根据营养状况（肥胖和非肥胖）评估并比较哮喘患病率（过去12个月内喘息）和重度哮喘患病率（对以下问题有两个或更多肯定回答：哮喘急性发作超过4次、言语障碍、睡眠障碍、运动时喘息）。肥胖青少年的定义为体重指数（BMI，单位：kg/m²）≥第85百分位数且TSF≥第85百分位数。使用卡方检验和95%置信区间的比值比（OR）对肥胖组和非肥胖组的哮喘患病率及哮喘严重程度进行比较。分析所有青少年后，我们观察到肥胖患病率与对“曾经喘息”（OR = 1.28；95% CI 1.08 - 1.52）、“运动时喘息”（OR = 1.36；95% CI 1.11 - 1.66）、“曾经患哮喘”（OR = 1.29；95% CI 1.03 - 1.62）和重度哮喘（OR = 1.55；95% CI 1.12 - 2.14）的肯定回答之间存在显著正相关。在男孩中，肥胖与“曾经喘息”之间存在显著正相关（OR = 1.49；95% CI 1.13 - 1.86）。在女孩中，肥胖与“曾经患哮喘”（OR = 1.38；95% CI 1.01 - 1.88）和“运动时喘息”（OR = 1.36；95% CI 1.11 - 1.66）之间存在显著正相关。这项针对居住在巴西南部地区青少年的横断面研究表明，肥胖与哮喘症状患病率及哮喘严重程度之间存在正相关，这一发现主要局限于女孩。
