Woo Christopher Y, Clay Timothy M, Lyerly H Kim, Morse Michael A, Osada Takuya
Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2006 Feb;5(1):55-65. doi: 10.1586/14760584.5.1.55.
Recent studies have elucidated the functional links between natural killer (NK) cells and, demonstrating the reciprocal activation of these cell types through NK-DC interactions. The subsets of cells and molecular pathways involved in such interactions have been defined, and the possible anatomical sites of these interactions have also been reported. Murine experiments have demonstrated that injection of mature DCs induces rapid recruitment of NK cells to lymph nodes and that these NK cells provide interferon-gamma for Type 1 priming. Thus, there is an increasing body of in vivo evidence indicating that NK-DC interactions during the early phase of innate immunity can impact the quality and magnitude of the subsequent adaptive immune response. Importantly, these studies imply that NK cells might not serve merely as cytotoxic lymphocytes combating viral pathogens and malignant tumors, but must also be considered as important immunoregulatory cells with a significant influence on adaptive immunity. In contrast to the large volume of knowledge obtained through basic research, there is a relative paucity of information regarding NK cell function in adaptive immunity from clinical trials, as few DC vaccine studies have attempted to evaluate the nonspecific, yet potentially clinically relevant, NK response to immunization. In this article, the authors will review studies focusing on NK-DC interactions and highlight the most recent clinical findings relating to the potential role of NK cells in DC-based vaccine therapy.
近期研究阐明了自然杀伤（NK）细胞与[此处原文缺失部分内容]之间的功能联系，证实了这些细胞类型通过NK细胞与树突状细胞（DC）的相互作用而实现相互激活。参与此类相互作用的细胞亚群和分子途径已得到明确，这些相互作用可能发生的解剖学部位也已有报道。小鼠实验表明，注射成熟的DC可诱导NK细胞迅速募集至淋巴结，且这些NK细胞为1型启动提供干扰素-γ。因此，越来越多的体内证据表明，先天免疫早期阶段的NK-DC相互作用可影响后续适应性免疫反应的质量和强度。重要的是，这些研究表明，NK细胞可能不仅仅是对抗病毒病原体和恶性肿瘤的细胞毒性淋巴细胞，还必须被视为对适应性免疫有重大影响的重要免疫调节细胞。与通过基础研究获得的大量知识形成对比的是，关于临床试验中NK细胞在适应性免疫中的功能的信息相对较少，因为很少有DC疫苗研究试图评估免疫接种引发的非特异性但可能具有临床相关性的NK反应。在本文中，作者将回顾聚焦于NK-DC相互作用的研究，并着重介绍与NK细胞在基于DC的疫苗治疗中的潜在作用相关的最新临床发现。
