Pedersen B K, Saltin B
The Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2006 Feb;16 Suppl 1:3-63. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2006.00520.x.
Considerable knowledge has accumulated in recent decades concerning the significance of physical activity in the treatment of a number of diseases, including diseases that do not primarily manifest as disorders of the locomotive apparatus. In this review we present the evidence for prescribing exercise therapy in the treatment of metabolic syndrome-related disorders (insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, obesity), heart and pulmonary diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, intermittent claudication), muscle, bone and joint diseases (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome) and cancer, depression, asthma and type 1 diabetes. For each disease, we review the effect of exercise therapy on disease pathogenesis, on symptoms specific to the diagnosis, on physical fitness or strength and on quality of life. The possible mechanisms of action are briefly examined and the principles for prescribing exercise therapy are discussed, focusing on the type and amount of exercise and possible contraindications.
近几十年来，关于体育活动在多种疾病治疗中的重要性，已有相当多的知识积累，这些疾病包括并非主要表现为运动器官紊乱的疾病。在本综述中，我们阐述了开具运动疗法治疗与代谢综合征相关疾病（胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病、血脂异常、高血压、肥胖症）、心脏和肺部疾病（慢性阻塞性肺疾病、冠心病、慢性心力衰竭、间歇性跛行）、肌肉、骨骼和关节疾病（骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎、骨质疏松症、纤维肌痛、慢性疲劳综合征）以及癌症、抑郁症、哮喘和1型糖尿病的证据。对于每种疾病，我们回顾了运动疗法对疾病发病机制、诊断特异性症状、体能或力量以及生活质量的影响。简要探讨了可能的作用机制，并讨论了开具运动疗法的原则，重点关注运动的类型和量以及可能的禁忌症。
