津巴布韦东部地区与行为改变相关的艾滋病毒感染率下降

HIV decline associated with behavior change in eastern Zimbabwe.

作者信息

Gregson Simon, Garnett Geoffrey P, Nyamukapa Constance A, Hallett Timothy B, Lewis James J C, Mason Peter R, Chandiwana Stephen K, Anderson Roy M

机构信息

Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, UK.

出版信息

Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):664-6. doi: 10.1126/science.1121054.

DOI:10.1126/science.1121054

PMID:16456081

Abstract

Few sub-Saharan African countries have witnessed declines in HIV prevalence, and only Uganda has compelling evidence for a decline founded on sexual behavior change. We report a decline in HIV prevalence in eastern Zimbabwe between 1998 and 2003 associated with sexual behavior change in four distinct socioeconomic strata. HIV prevalence fell most steeply at young ages-by 23 and 49%, respectively, among men aged 17 to 29 years and women aged 15 to 24 years-and in more educated groups. Sexually experienced men and women reported reductions in casual sex of 49 and 22%, respectively, whereas recent cohorts reported delayed sexual debut. Selective AIDS-induced mortality contributed to the decline in HIV prevalence.

摘要

撒哈拉以南非洲国家中很少有国家见证了艾滋病毒感染率的下降，只有乌干达有基于性行为改变的令人信服的下降证据。我们报告了1998年至2003年期间津巴布韦东部艾滋病毒感染率的下降，这与四个不同社会经济阶层的性行为改变有关。艾滋病毒感染率在年轻人中下降最为显著，17至29岁男性和15至24岁女性中的感染率分别下降了23%和49%，在受教育程度较高的群体中也是如此。有性经历的男性和女性报告称，随意性行为分别减少了49%和22%，而最近的人群报告称首次性行为有所延迟。选择性艾滋病导致的死亡率促成了艾滋病毒感染率的下降。