Frank Graeme R, Speiser Phyllis W, Griffin Kurt J, Stratakis Constantine A
Schneider Children's Hospital, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, and New York University School of Medicine, USA.
Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2004 Nov;2 Suppl 1:134-45.
Glucocorticoids have been prescribed for several decades in treating adrenal insufficiency of various etiologies. These drugs are also heavily used in treating non-endocrine disease. This article will focus on adverse side effects encountered in the chronic use of different types of glucocorticoids in children and young adults with endocrine causes of adrenal insufficiency. Dosing guidelines are discussed with a view toward minimizing the common co-morbidities of growth suppression, excess weight gain, and osteopenia, among others. This article also discusses the use of several inhibitors of adrenal steroid biosynthesis and one glucocorticoid receptor antagonist for the medical treatment of Cushing syndrome.
几十年来，糖皮质激素一直被用于治疗各种病因引起的肾上腺功能不全。这些药物也大量用于治疗非内分泌疾病。本文将重点关注患有内分泌性肾上腺功能不全的儿童和年轻人长期使用不同类型糖皮质激素时遇到的不良副作用。文中讨论了给药指南，旨在尽量减少生长抑制、体重过度增加和骨质减少等常见合并症。本文还讨论了几种肾上腺类固醇生物合成抑制剂和一种糖皮质激素受体拮抗剂在库欣综合征医学治疗中的应用。
