Faustini Annunziata, Fano Valeria, Muscillo Michele, Zaniratti Stefania, La Rosa Giuseppina, Tribuzi Laura, Perucci Carlo A
Department of Epidemiology, Local Health Agency RME, v. S. Costanza No. 53, 00198 Rome, Italy.
Int J Infect Dis. 2006 Jul;10(4):291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2005.06.008. Epub 2006 Feb 3.
To identify the risk factors of an outbreak of meningitis associated with echovirus 30-infection that occurred in Rome, Italy, in late 1997 among children from two different schools.
A case-control study was carried out. A case was defined as a child from either of the two schools, A or B, who presented meningitis-like (fever, headache and vomiting), diarrhea, or respiratory tract symptoms. All asymptomatic students were included in the analysis as controls.
Among 446 pupils (80%) who answered the questionnaire, 68 met the case definition. Twenty pupils developed a meningitis-like illness. Echovirus 30 was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in four and from stools in six. Forty-eight pupils reported other symptoms. The attack rate was 10.8% in school A and 0.8% in school B for meningitis-like illness; it was 12% and 10%, respectively, for other enterovirus-like illnesses. The risk of meningitis-like illness was higher among children attending school A (crude OR = 14.9; 95% CI = 4.3-52.1), among children using any public pool (OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 1.5-9.9) and those using an outside swimming pool X (OR=13.4; 95% CI=2.7-65.8 versus no swimming pool and OR = 8.3; 95% CI = 1.1-62.6 versus other pools). The epidemic curve appears to suggest a person-to-person transmission.
The epidemic occurred by person-to-person transmission in a number of classrooms and at swimming pool X.
确定1997年末在意大利罗马两所不同学校的儿童中发生的与肠道病毒30型感染相关的脑膜炎暴发的危险因素。
开展了一项病例对照研究。病例定义为来自学校A或B的出现脑膜炎样症状（发热、头痛和呕吐）、腹泻或呼吸道症状的儿童。所有无症状的学生作为对照纳入分析。
在446名（80%）回答问卷的学生中，68名符合病例定义。20名学生出现了脑膜炎样疾病。从4例的脑脊液（CSF）和6例的粪便中分离出肠道病毒30型。48名学生报告了其他症状。学校A中脑膜炎样疾病的发病率为10.8%，学校B为0.8%；其他肠道病毒样疾病的发病率分别为12%和10%。在就读于学校A的儿童中（粗比值比=14.9；95%可信区间=4.3 - 52.1）、使用任何公共游泳池的儿童中（比值比=3.8；95%可信区间=1.5 - 9.9）以及使用室外游泳池X的儿童中（与未使用游泳池相比，比值比= = 13.4；95%可信区间=2.7 - 65.8，与使用其他游泳池相比，比值比=8.3；95%可信区间=1.1 - 62.6），脑膜炎样疾病的风险更高。流行曲线似乎表明存在人传人现象。
该疫情是在一些教室和游泳池X中通过人传人发生的。
