Burnett Arthur L, Wein Alan J
Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
J Urol. 2006 Mar;175(3 Pt 2):S19-24. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)00310-1.
We reviewed recent literature and treatment guidelines regarding the prevalence, pathophysiology, and management of BPO related to BPH; and management of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to BPH.
Published literature and current treatment concepts were reviewed regarding the diagnosis and treatment options for BPO.
BPH is a histological diagnosis that can contribute to medical problems, including enlargement of the prostate and BPO. These conditions should be treated only if the symptoms are troublesome, there is considerable risk of progression, and/or cancer is suspected. Very effective medical and surgical options are available to treat BPO and improve patient quality of life.
BPO is highly treatable, but should be managed in close collaboration with the patient. Pharmacological agents and minimally invasive procedures, when appropriate, are generally preferred to more invasive surgery. Patients with mild or moderate symptoms usually can be treated by a primary care physician; more complicated cases should be referred to a urologist for evaluation and management.
我们回顾了近期有关与良性前列腺增生（BPH）相关的膀胱出口梗阻（BPO）的患病率、病理生理学及管理，以及继发于BPH的下尿路症状的管理的文献和治疗指南。
回顾已发表的文献及当前关于BPO诊断和治疗选择的治疗理念。
BPH是一种组织学诊断，可导致包括前列腺增生和BPO在内的医学问题。仅当症状困扰、存在相当大的进展风险和/或怀疑有癌症时，才应对这些情况进行治疗。有非常有效的医学和手术选择可用于治疗BPO并改善患者生活质量。
BPO具有高度可治性，但应与患者密切合作进行管理。在适当情况下，通常更倾向于使用药物和微创手术，而非更具侵入性的手术。症状轻度或中度的患者通常可由初级保健医生治疗；更复杂的病例应转诊至泌尿科医生进行评估和管理。
