Cowan Lisa, Esteban Emilio, McElroy-Hart Rebecca, Kieszak Stephanie, Meyer Pamela A, Rosales Cecilia, Applegate Martha, Mada Vélez Gerardo, Arias-Ortiz Javier, Rubin Carol
Health Studies Branch, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, MS-F-46, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2006 May;209(3):235-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.12.003. Epub 2006 Feb 3.
To evaluate lead exposure among children living in border communities, the states of Arizona and New Mexico in the United States (US), and the states of Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico collaboratively requested that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide technical assistance to document pediatric blood lead levels (BLLs) in children living along this part of the US/Mexico border. Two studies were conducted to evaluate BLLs of children aged 1-6 years. In 1998, 1210 children were tested in the Arizona/Sonora study; in 1999, 874 children were tested in New Mexico/Chihuahua. Overall geometric mean BLL was 32.5 microg/l (95% Confidence Interval 31.5-33.5) with BLLs ranging from below limit of detection to 320.0 microg/l. Mean BLLs were higher among children living on the Mexican side of the border (43.2 microg/l) compared to those on the US side (22.3 microg/l). Mean BLLs ranged from 14.9 to 31.2 microg/l at the US sites and from 26.9 to 55.2 microg/l at the Mexican sites. This study used a convenience sample and cannot be considered representative of the general population. Nonetheless, the range of mean BLLs among the sites and especially the higher mean BLLs among children living in the border communities in Mexico suggests different exposures to lead and warrants further attention.
为评估居住在边境社区的儿童的铅暴露情况，美国亚利桑那州和新墨西哥州以及墨西哥索诺拉州和奇瓦瓦州联合请求疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）提供技术援助，以记录居住在美国/墨西哥边境这一区域的儿童的儿科血铅水平（BLLs）。开展了两项研究来评估1 - 6岁儿童的血铅水平。1998年，在亚利桑那州/索诺拉州研究中对1210名儿童进行了检测；1999年，在新墨西哥州/奇瓦瓦州对874名儿童进行了检测。总体几何平均血铅水平为32.5微克/升（95%置信区间31.5 - 33.5），血铅水平范围从低于检测限到320.0微克/升。与美国一侧的儿童（22.3微克/升）相比，边境墨西哥一侧的儿童平均血铅水平更高（43.2微克/升）。美国各检测点的平均血铅水平范围为14.9至31.2微克/升，墨西哥各检测点的平均血铅水平范围为26.9至55.2微克/升。本研究使用的是便利样本，不能被视为代表一般人群。尽管如此，各检测点之间平均血铅水平的范围，尤其是墨西哥边境社区儿童中较高的平均血铅水平，表明铅暴露情况不同，值得进一步关注。
