Ajike S O, Arotiba J T, Adebola R A, Ladehinde A, Amole I O
The Ahmadu Bello University, Amino Kano and Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
West Indian Med J. 2005 Oct;54(5):325-8. doi: 10.1590/s0043-31442005000500010.
The goal of the maxillofacial surgeon is to correct facial deformity while eradicating surgical diseases, prevent recurrence or complication and restore function. The aim of this paper is to review the surgical procedures carried out in a new tertiary teaching hospital. A retrospective study of patients with maxillofacial surgical diseases seen at the Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria, between 2001 and 2003, was conducted. A total of 87 patients had various (primary and secondary) surgical procedures during the period under review. There were 51 males and 36 females, a male to female ratio of 1:0.61 with an age range of 3 days to 90 years and a mean age of 34.5 years. The majority of the patients were in the lower socio-economic group. Reduction and immobilization of the jaw fractures (n = 21, 23.3%) was the most common, followed by transosseous wiring (n = 12, 13.3%). The most common complications were malocclusion (n = 14, 29.8%) and facial defects (n = 12, 25.5%). Reduction and immobilization, and tumour surgery of the jaws seem to be the most common surgical procedures while osteotomy was the least. Reduction and immobilization with simple arch bars appeared to be very effective, more so when the patients could not afford more modern methods of treatment. Reconstructive surgeries of ablated jaws are advocated in view of the devastating aesthetic and psychosocial effects that these have on the patients.
颌面外科医生的目标是在根除外科疾病的同时矫正面部畸形，预防复发或并发症并恢复功能。本文的目的是回顾一家新建的三级教学医院所开展的外科手术。对2001年至2003年期间在尼日利亚卡诺阿明努·卡诺教学医院口腔颌面外科就诊的颌面外科疾病患者进行了一项回顾性研究。在审查期间，共有87例患者接受了各种（原发性和继发性）外科手术。其中男性51例，女性36例，男女比例为1:0.61，年龄范围为3天至90岁，平均年龄为34.5岁。大多数患者属于社会经济地位较低的群体。颌骨骨折的复位与固定（n = 21，23.3%）最为常见，其次是经骨钢丝固定（n = 12，13.3%）。最常见的并发症是咬合不正（n = 14，29.8%）和面部缺损（n = 12，25.5%）。复位与固定以及颌骨肿瘤手术似乎是最常见的外科手术，而截骨术最少见。使用简单牙弓夹板进行复位与固定似乎非常有效，尤其是当患者负担不起更现代的治疗方法时。鉴于消融颌骨对患者造成的毁灭性美学和心理社会影响，提倡对其进行重建手术。
