Yadwad B S, Gouda H
Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum-590 010.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2005 Oct;53:891-4.
One of the duties of a doctor towards his patients is to obtain consent before any medical examination. Any such examination without prior consent amounts to an assault on the patient. Consent is defined under Indian Contract Act (because Doctor Patient relationship isa contract) as "two or more persons are said to consent when they agree to the same thing in the same sense." Consent may be implied, expressed or informed depending upon the circumstances. But the consent of the patient is not required in situations like medical emergency, for vaccination etc. If the patient is not medically or legally competent to give consent, the consent of the parents or guardians or any person present at the time with the patient can be taken. Any research on a potential subject, removal of organs for transplantation, publication of information obtained during medical examination also require consent of the concerned person.
医生对患者的职责之一是在进行任何医学检查之前获得患者的同意。未经事先同意进行的任何此类检查都相当于对患者的侵犯。根据《印度合同法》（因为医患关系是一种合同），同意被定义为“当两个或两个以上的人就同一件事达成相同的意思表示时，就视为他们达成了同意”。根据具体情况，同意可以是默示的、明示的或知情的。但在医疗紧急情况、接种疫苗等情况下，不需要患者的同意。如果患者在医学或法律上无能力给予同意，可以征得其父母、监护人或当时在场的任何其他人的同意。对潜在受试者的任何研究、为移植而摘除器官、公布在医学检查期间获得的信息也需要相关人员的同意。
