浅表性膀胱癌中卡介苗治疗失败的管理：综述
Management of BCG failures in superficial bladder cancer: a review.
作者信息
Witjes Johannes A
机构信息
Department of Urology, University Medical Centre St. Radboud, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
Eur Urol. 2006 May;49(5):790-7. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2006.01.017. Epub 2006 Jan 24.
OBJECTIVE
Review management of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) failures in superficial bladder cancer.
METHOD
Search of published literature and meeting abstracts.
RESULTS
Patients in whom BCG fails are not a uniform group. Failure cannot be predicted but high-risk patients can be identified. In case of failure and progression the outcome is bad. Conservative but investigative alternatives are BCG/interferon-alpha, intravesical hyperthermia/chemotherapy, or photodynamic therapy. Standard treatment in failing patients remains cystoprostatectomy.
CONCLUSION
BCG failures need careful and individualized therapy in experienced hands.
目的
回顾浅表性膀胱癌中卡介苗（BCG）治疗失败的管理。
方法
检索已发表的文献和会议摘要。
结果
BCG治疗失败的患者并非一个同质群体。治疗失败无法预测，但可以识别出高危患者。若出现治疗失败和病情进展，预后较差。保守但具有探索性的替代方案包括BCG/α干扰素、膀胱内热疗/化疗或光动力疗法。治疗失败患者的标准治疗仍然是膀胱前列腺切除术。
结论
BCG治疗失败需要经验丰富的医生进行仔细且个体化的治疗。
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