Clerici M, Sarin A, Henkart P A, Shearer G M
Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Padiglione L.I.T.A., Ospedale L. Sacco, Via G.B. Grassi, 74, 20154, Milan, Italy.
Cell Death Differ. 1997 Dec;4(8):699-706. doi: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400314.
The progressive loss of CD4 T lymphocyte is patognomonic of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and results in immunodeficiency and the appearance of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining pathologies. Although a percentage of CD4 T lymphocytes is destroyed directly by HIV infection, a much higher proportion of lymphocytes remains uninfected and therefore must be destroyed by mechanisms not directly involving viral infection. One such mechanism is apoptotic T cell death (ATCD). ATCD in HIV infection has been shown to be: 1) secondary to cross-linking of CD4 by viral proteins; 2) mediated by both APO-1/Fas and lymphotoxin (LT); and 3) differentially modulated by type 1 and type 2 cytokines. We will briefly analyze the experimental evidences suggesting that ATCD contributes significantly to the immunopathogenesis of HIV/AIDS via depletion of CD4+ T cells.
CD4 T淋巴细胞的进行性丧失是人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的特征性表现，并导致免疫缺陷以及出现获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）定义的病症。虽然一定比例的CD4 T淋巴细胞直接被HIV感染破坏，但更高比例的淋巴细胞仍未被感染，因此必须通过不直接涉及病毒感染的机制被破坏。一种这样的机制是凋亡性T细胞死亡（ATCD）。HIV感染中的ATCD已被证明：1）继发于病毒蛋白对CD4的交联；2）由APO-1/Fas和淋巴毒素（LT）介导；3）受到1型和2型细胞因子的差异调节。我们将简要分析实验证据，这些证据表明ATCD通过消耗CD4+ T细胞对HIV/AIDS的免疫发病机制有显著贡献。
