Spála M
1. lékarská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy, Praha.
Cas Lek Cesk. 2006;145(1):69-78.
Our paper presents an overview on the role of impact factor (IF) in the valuation of the scientific activity. With maximal objectivity based on published articles the perspectives are outlined and the role of specialized medical journals like Journal of Czech Physicians is shown. When IF is used for evaluation, the full English term should be first considered "journal impact factor". It expresses the bibliometric features of the given journal, without possibility to transfer this assessment to individual articles or even authors. IF determined on the basis of information from citation indexes represents for an article presented in the journal the probability to be cited. It appears to be evident that this valuable parameter can lead in hands of inexperienced or irresponsible evaluator to incorrect and erroneous conclusions or to be misused. It is useful neither for evaluation of publication or scientific activity of an individual nor for the comparison of journals in different scientific disciplines. Owing to the relation of IF to the probability of an article to be cited, IF reflects the features (quality) of an article which brought the citation. IF is therefore determined also by the activity of scientific editors and referees. IF becomes part of everything what is related to the publication of scientific results and therefore it becomes object of journalogy. It is the source of meritorious intentions of the editorial board of Journal of Czech Physicians to deal with this phenomenon.
我们的论文概述了影响因子（IF）在科学活动评估中的作用。基于已发表文章，以最大程度的客观性概述了相关观点，并展示了《捷克医师杂志》等专业医学期刊的作用。当使用影响因子进行评估时，首先应考虑完整的英文术语“期刊影响因子”。它表达了特定期刊的文献计量特征，无法将此评估转移到个别文章甚至作者身上。基于引用索引信息确定的影响因子，对于发表在该期刊上的一篇文章而言，代表了其被引用的概率。显然，这个有价值的参数在缺乏经验或不负责任的评估者手中可能会导致不正确和错误的结论，或者被滥用。它对于评估个人的发表情况或科学活动既无用处，也不适用于不同科学学科期刊之间的比较。由于影响因子与文章被引用概率的关系，影响因子反映了带来引用的文章的特征（质量）。因此，影响因子也由科学编辑和审稿人的活动所决定。影响因子成为与科学成果发表相关的一切事物的一部分，因此它成为了期刊学的研究对象。这就是《捷克医师杂志》编辑委员会处理这一现象的善意意图的来源。
