Ilyés István, Jancsó Zoltán, Kovács Eszter, Márton Hajnalka, Simay Attila
Debreceni Egyetem, Orvos-és Egészségtudományi Centrum, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Családorvosi Tanszék.
Orv Hetil. 2005 Dec 18;146(51):2581-8.
Both types of diabetes mellitus are conditions with high cardiovascular risk.
This work was aimed to study the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors, macrovascular and microvascular complications and to assess the results of continuous diabetes care in an adult population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Method of the study was a questionnaire survey, altogether 400 patients, 49 with type 1 and 351 with type 2 diabetes, were enrolled to it.
Frequency of cardiovascular complications, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia was higher in type 2 diabetes, smoking and microvascular complications were more frequent in type 1 diabetes. The ratio of conservative intensive and conventional insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes was 70% and 30%, respectively. Treatment methods used in type 2 diabetes were: diet only: 8%, oral antidiabetic therapy: 78%, antidiabetic agent and insulin: 7%, insulin therapy 7%. Ratios of the patients having at least three laboratory results were: fasting blood glucose: 50%, postprandial blood glucose: 30%, haemoglobin A(1C): 10%. Ratios of patients reached the target results were in type 1 and type 2 diabetes were: fasting blood glucose: 27% vs. 14%, postprandial blood glucose: 26% vs. 18%, haemoglobin-A: 29% vs. 34%. Ratios of the patients in micro- and macrovascular risk category were: fasting blood glucose: 59% vs. 68%, postprandial blood glucose: 54% and 53%, haemoglobin-A(1C): 40% vs. 27%.
Frequency of investigations to estimate glycemic control as well as ratio of patients reached target values were rather low, ratio of patients in micro- and macrovascular risk category was high. For these reasons there is a need for a more intensive continuous diabetes care to reach better results.
两种类型的糖尿病都是心血管风险较高的病症。
本研究旨在探讨心血管危险因素、大血管和微血管并发症的发生频率，并评估1型和2型糖尿病成年患者持续糖尿病护理的效果。研究方法为问卷调查，共纳入400例患者，其中1型糖尿病患者49例，2型糖尿病患者351例。
2型糖尿病患者心血管并发症、肥胖、高血压和血脂异常的发生率较高，1型糖尿病患者吸烟和微血管并发症更为常见。1型糖尿病中保守强化治疗和传统胰岛素治疗的比例分别为70%和30%。2型糖尿病的治疗方法为：单纯饮食治疗：8%，口服降糖药治疗：78%，降糖药和胰岛素治疗：7%，胰岛素治疗：7%。至少有三项实验室检查结果的患者比例为：空腹血糖：50%，餐后血糖：30%，糖化血红蛋白：10%。1型和2型糖尿病患者达到目标结果的比例为：空腹血糖：27%对14%，餐后血糖：26%对18%，糖化血红蛋白：29%对34%。微血管和大血管风险类别患者的比例为：空腹血糖：59%对68%，餐后血糖：54%和53%，糖化血红蛋白：40%对27%。
评估血糖控制的检查频率以及达到目标值的患者比例较低，微血管和大血管风险类别患者的比例较高。因此，需要更强化的持续糖尿病护理以取得更好的效果。
