Yoshioka Shinya, Kinoshita Shuichi
Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2006 Jan;23(1):134-41. doi: 10.1364/josaa.23.000134.
Butterfly scales generally have very elaborate structures in submicrometer size, and some of them show distinctive optical effects through interaction with light. We describe two methods to quantitatively characterize the optical properties of the individual scales in those structurally colored butterflies. Owing to the small dimensions of the scale and to the fact that the reflection and transmission are very diffuse, it is generally difficult to accurately measure the reflectance and transmittance. To overcome these difficulties, we have carefully constructed an optical system including an integrating sphere and investigated variously colored nine kinds of scale. It is shown that the obtained spectra clearly characterize the optical differences among those structurally colored scales and also the differences between structural and pigmentary colors. Further, we have performed the angle-resolved measurement of the reflected light to characterize the spatial pattern of reflection, which is closely related to the mechanism of reflection.
蝴蝶鳞片通常具有亚微米尺寸的非常精细的结构，其中一些通过与光的相互作用呈现出独特的光学效应。我们描述了两种定量表征那些具有结构色的蝴蝶中单个鳞片光学特性的方法。由于鳞片尺寸小且反射和透射非常漫射，通常很难准确测量反射率和透射率。为了克服这些困难，我们精心构建了一个包括积分球的光学系统，并研究了九种不同颜色的鳞片。结果表明，所获得的光谱清楚地表征了那些具有结构色的鳞片之间的光学差异以及结构色和色素色之间的差异。此外，我们对反射光进行了角度分辨测量，以表征与反射机制密切相关的反射空间图案。
