Carlsson Gunilla, Dahlberg Karin, Ekebergh Margaretha, Dahlberg Helena
Borås University College, Department of Health Sciences, Allégatan, Borås, Sweden.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2006 Apr;27(3):287-305. doi: 10.1080/01612840500502841.
This article focuses on patients' violence against caregivers. Several studies show that violence and threats within the health care setting are an increasing problem. Encounters that become violent have been the issue of many debates but the phenomenon is still not fully understood. It is important to understand the course of events in violent encounters, both for the sake of the patients and the caregivers' well-being. The aim of this study was to describe the essence of violent encounters, as experienced by nine patients within psychiatric care. Guided by a phenomenological method, data were analyzed within a reflective life-world approach. The findings explicate violent encounters characterized by a tension between "authentic personal" and "detached impersonal" caring. "Authentic personal" patients are encountered in an undisguised, straightforward, and open way, and they sense unrestricted respect that caregivers would show another human being. In these encounters violence does not develop well. However, in caring that is "detached impersonal," the encounters are experienced by the patients as uncontrolled and insecure. These encounters are full of risks and potential violence.
本文聚焦于患者对护理人员的暴力行为。多项研究表明，医疗环境中的暴力和威胁问题日益严重。暴力冲突一直是诸多争论的焦点，但这一现象仍未得到充分理解。为了患者和护理人员的福祉，了解暴力冲突中的事件发展过程很重要。本研究的目的是描述九名精神科护理患者所经历的暴力冲突的本质。在现象学方法的指导下，采用反思性生活世界方法对数据进行分析。研究结果表明，暴力冲突的特点是“真实的个人化”关怀与“疏离的非个人化”关怀之间存在紧张关系。“真实的个人化”患者会以不加掩饰、直接且开放的方式被对待，他们感受到护理人员会给予他人的那种毫无限制的尊重。在这些冲突中，暴力不太容易发生。然而，在“疏离的非个人化”关怀中，患者会觉得这种接触不受控制且缺乏安全感。这些接触充满风险和潜在暴力。
