Yu Yun Long, Fang Hua, Wang Xiao, Wu Xiao Mao, Shan Min, Yu Jing Quan
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture & Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, 310029, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Biodegradation. 2006 Oct;17(5):487-94. doi: 10.1007/s10532-005-9020-z. Epub 2006 Feb 17.
A fungal strain capable of utilizing chlorpyrifos as sole carbon and energy sources was isolated from soil by enrichment cultivation approach. The half-lives of degradation (DT(50)) for chlorpyrifos at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 mg l(-1) by the fungal strain DSP in mineral salt medium were measured to be 2.03, 2.93, and 3.49 days, respectively. Two cell-free extracts [E (1:10) and E (1:20)] from the fungal strain DSP in bran-glucose medium were prepared and used to enhance chlorpyrifos degradation on vegetables. Compared with the controls, the DT(50) of chlorpyrifos were reduced by 70.3%, 65.6%, 80.6%, 80.6%, and 86.1%, and by 53.8%, 43.2%, 66.0%, 54.3%, and 67.7% on E (1:20) and E (1:10) treated pakchoi, water spinach, Malabar spinach, haricot beans, and pepper, respectively. The 7-day residual values (R (7)) of chlorpyrifos on E (1:10) treated vegetables were all lower than the corresponding maximum residue levels of European Union (EU MRLs), except that the R (7) value on haricot beans was slightly higher than the corresponding EU MRLs. The results indicate that cell-free extracts could rapidly degrade chlorpyrifos residues on vegetables.
通过富集培养法从土壤中分离出一株能够以毒死蜱作为唯一碳源和能源的真菌菌株。在矿物盐培养基中，该真菌菌株DSP对浓度为1、10和100 mg l(-1)的毒死蜱的降解半衰期（DT(50)）分别测定为2.03、2.93和3.49天。制备了麸皮-葡萄糖培养基中真菌菌株DSP的两种无细胞提取物[E(1:10)和E(1:20)]，并用于提高蔬菜中毒死蜱的降解率。与对照相比，E(1:20)和E(1:10)处理的小白菜、空心菜、木耳菜、四季豆和辣椒中毒死蜱的DT(50)分别降低了70.3%、65.6%、80.6%、80.6%和86.1%，以及53.8%、43.2%、66.0%、54.3%和67.7%。E(1:10)处理的蔬菜上毒死蜱的7天残留值（R(7)）均低于欧盟相应的最大残留限量（EU MRLs），除了四季豆上的R(7)值略高于相应的欧盟MRLs。结果表明，无细胞提取物能够快速降解蔬菜中毒死蜱残留。
