A retrospective analysis of patients receiving surgery after chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer.

From 1984 to 1989, 20 of 142 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung received surgery after intensive chemotherapy alone or chemotherapy combined with thoracic irradiation. All patients giving informed consent and having an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1 were included in the present retrospective study. Ages ranged from 37-74 (median 58) years. All patients received 1-10 cycles of chemotherapy intravenously every three or four weeks (PVP: 80 mg cisplatin/m2, 100 mg etoposide/m2 x 3; CAV: 800 mg cyclophosphamide/m2, 50 mg doxorubicin/m2, 1.4 mg vincristine/m2, and other combinations) and were evaluated for surgery 1-27 months after the initial systemic chemotherapy. Clinically, two, three, eleven and for patients were diagnosed as having stages I, II, III and IV disease, respectively at the beginning of treatment. At the time of reevaluation after chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus chest radiotherapy there were one (5%) complete responder, 17 (85%) partial responders, and two (10%) with stable disease. Twenty patients underwent thoracotomy consisting of nine lobectomies and 11 pneumonectomies. Eighteen of the 20 had resectable lesions. According to postoperative pathological findings, there were six, one, seven and two patients with stages I, II, III and IV disease, respectively. In two patients no tumor was demonstrated pathologically. Small cell carcinoma was detected in 15 specimens and three had non-small cell carcinoma. Two of the 20 patients survived for more than five years. The median survival of the 20 patients was 22 months. It would appear that resection is applicable in only a selected subset of patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung.