Mirlohi Aghafakhr, Sabzalian Mohammad R, Sharifnabi Bahram, Nekoui Mojtaba Khayyam
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006 Mar;256(1):126-31. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00101.x.
Neotyphodium species occur as endophytic fungi in cool-season grasses around the world. The beneficial aspects of grass-Neotyphodium associations have provoked researchers to look for a novel association in plant species where this symbiotum has not been reported. We surveyed Russian bromegrass (Bromus tomentellus Boiss.) accessions from a germplasm collection for the presence of Neotyphodium spp. fungi and determined levels of endophyte infection in B. tomentellus populations in native rangelands of Iran. Among 50 collected accessions, symbiotic fungi were detected in 45 accessions without any symptoms of choke disease on host plants. In culture medium, fast-growing endophytes appeared from seeds after 7-14 days. Plants grown from seed collections were 80-100% infected. Based on morphological characteristics and PCR analysis, we concluded that this fungus is a member of the Neotyphodium group of endophytic fungi. Lack of apparent toxicity to grazing animals suggests a place for endophyte-infected B. tomentellus in rangeland renovation, providing this infected grass exhibits increased tolerance to abiotic stresses.
新麦角菌属物种作为内生真菌存在于世界各地的冷季型草中。草与新麦角菌的共生关系所具有的有益方面促使研究人员在尚未报道过这种共生体的植物物种中寻找新的关联。我们从一个种质库中调查了俄罗斯雀麦（Bromus tomentellus Boiss.）的种质，以寻找新麦角菌属真菌的存在情况，并确定了伊朗原生牧场中俄罗斯雀麦种群的内生菌感染水平。在收集的50份种质中，在45份种质中检测到了共生真菌，而寄主植物上没有任何噎病症状。在培养基中，7 - 14天后种子中出现了生长迅速的内生菌。从种子收集物中培育出的植株感染率为80% - 100%。基于形态特征和PCR分析，我们得出结论，这种真菌是内生真菌新麦角菌属的一员。对放牧动物缺乏明显毒性表明，在牧场改良中，感染内生菌的俄罗斯雀麦有一席之地，前提是这种感染内生菌的草对非生物胁迫的耐受性有所提高。
