Sayer A N, Hu Q, Bourdelais A J, Baden D G, Gibson J E
The Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, 600 Moye Blvd., Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2006 Jul;44(7):1082-91. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.01.002. Epub 2006 Feb 17.
Brevetoxins (PbTxs) are highly potent trans-syn polyether neurotoxins produced during blooms of several species of marine dinoflagellates, most notably Karenia brevis. These neurotoxins act on voltage-sensitive sodium channels prolonging the active state. During red tides, the commercial fishing and tourism industries experience millions of dollars of lost revenue. Human consumption of shellfish contaminated with PbTxs results in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP). Additionally, blooms of K. brevis are potentially responsible for adverse human health effects such as respiratory irritation and airway constriction in coastal residents. There is little information regarding the full range of potential toxic effects caused by PbTxs. Recent evidence suggests that PbTxs are genotoxic substances. The purpose of this study was to determine if PbTxs could induce chromosomal aberrations and inhibit cellular proliferation in CHO-K1-BH4 cells, and if so, could the damage be negated or reduced by the PbTx antagonist brevenal. Results from the chromosomal aberrations assay demonstrated that PbTxs are potent inducers of CHO-K1-BH4 chromosome damage. Results from the inhibition of cellular proliferation assays demonstrated that PbTxs inhibit the ability of CHO-K1-BH4 cells to proliferate, an effect which can be reduced with brevenal.
短裸甲藻毒素（PbTxs）是几种海洋甲藻大量繁殖期间产生的高效跨突触聚醚神经毒素，其中最著名的是短裸甲藻（Karenia brevis）。这些神经毒素作用于电压敏感钠通道，延长其激活状态。在赤潮期间，商业捕鱼和旅游业会遭受数百万美元的收入损失。人类食用受PbTxs污染的贝类会导致神经性贝类中毒（NSP）。此外，短裸甲藻大量繁殖还可能对人类健康产生不良影响，如沿海居民出现呼吸道刺激和气道收缩。关于PbTxs所造成的潜在毒性影响的全面信息很少。最近的证据表明，PbTxs是遗传毒性物质。本研究的目的是确定PbTxs是否能诱导CHO-K1-BH4细胞发生染色体畸变并抑制其细胞增殖，如果可以，PbTx拮抗剂短裸甲藻内酯是否能消除或减轻这种损伤。染色体畸变试验结果表明，PbTxs是CHO-K1-BH4染色体损伤的强效诱导剂。细胞增殖抑制试验结果表明，PbTxs抑制CHO-K1-BH4细胞的增殖能力，而短裸甲藻内酯可以减轻这种作用。
