Brunelli Susan A, Nie Rui, Whipple Clare, Winiger Vanessa, Hofer Myron A, Zimmerberg Betty
New York State Psychiatric Institute, United States; Columbia College of Physicans and Surgeons, USA.
Physiol Behav. 2006 Mar 30;87(3):527-36. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.11.020. Epub 2006 Feb 20.
For over 25 generations, two lines of rats (High and Low USV lines) have been selectively bred for extreme rates of infantile (45 kHz) ultrasonic vocalizations (USV) in response to maternal separation at postnatal day (P)10. High and low line juveniles (P30-P40) were socially isolated and allowed to play in same-sex sibling pairs for 10 min per day over three days. Measures of play were nape contacts and pinning. Other social and nonsocial behaviors were also scored during the three sessions; two of these, 55 kHz USV and walk-overs, were statistically associated with play. Compared to the Random control line, both High and Low line juveniles showed deficits in play behavior. In the High line, play initiatory behavior (nape contacts) was reduced, but pinning, USV and walk-overs were relatively unchanged. In contrast, nape contacts, pinning, USV and walk-overs were all reduced in Low line juveniles compared to Random line controls. The results suggest that selection for extremes of infant USV rates has produced temperamental differences that are expressed in juvenile play in the High and Low USV lines.
在超过25代的时间里，两组大鼠（高音和低音超声发声线）被选择性培育，以使其在出生后第10天（P10）因与母鼠分离而发出的婴儿期（45千赫）超声发声（USV）频率达到极端水平。高音和低音系的幼鼠（P30 - P40）被隔离饲养，并在三天时间里，每天让同性同胞配对玩耍10分钟。玩耍的衡量指标是颈背接触和压制行为。在这三个时段中，还对其他社交和非社交行为进行了评分；其中55千赫的超声发声和跨越行为这两项与玩耍在统计学上相关。与随机对照组相比，高音系和低音系的幼鼠在玩耍行为上均表现出缺陷。在高音系中，玩耍发起行为（颈背接触）减少，但压制行为、超声发声和跨越行为相对不变。相比之下，与随机系对照组相比，低音系幼鼠的颈背接触、压制行为、超声发声和跨越行为均减少。结果表明，对婴儿超声发声频率极端值的选择产生了气质差异，这种差异在高音和低音超声发声系的幼鼠玩耍中表现出来。
