Hubley J, Gilbert C
School of Health and Community Care, Leeds Metropolitan University, 21 Arncliffe Road, Leeds LS16 5AP, UK.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2006 Mar;90(3):279-84. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.078451.
This review explores the role of health promotion in the prevention of avoidable blindness in developing countries. Using examples from eye health and other health topics from developing countries, the review demonstrates that effective eye health promotion involves a combination of three components: health education directed at behaviour change to increase adoption of prevention behaviours and uptake of services; improvements in health services such as the strengthening of patient education and increased accessibility and acceptability; and advocacy for improved political support for blindness prevention policies. Current eye health promotion activities can benefit by drawing on experiences gained by health promotion activities in other health topics especially on the use of social research and behavioural models to understand factors determining health decision making and the appropriate choice of methods and settings. The challenge ahead is to put into practice what we know does work. An expansion of advocacy-the third and most undeveloped component of health promotion-is essential to convince governments to channel increased resources to eye health promotion and the goals of Vision 2020.
本综述探讨了健康促进在发展中国家预防可避免失明方面的作用。通过列举发展中国家眼部健康及其他健康主题的实例，该综述表明有效的眼部健康促进涉及三个要素的结合：旨在改变行为以增加预防行为的采用和服务利用的健康教育；改善健康服务，如加强患者教育、提高可及性和可接受性；以及倡导为预防失明政策争取更多政治支持。当前的眼部健康促进活动可以借鉴其他健康主题的健康促进活动所积累的经验，特别是利用社会研究和行为模型来理解决定健康决策的因素以及方法和环境的适当选择。未来的挑战是将我们所知有效的措施付诸实践。扩大倡导——健康促进的第三个也是最未得到充分发展的要素——对于说服政府将更多资源投入到眼部健康促进及“视觉2020”目标至关重要。
