关于转基因作物中存在的微生物转基因水平转移的健康考量。
Health considerations regarding horizontal transfer of microbial transgenes present in genetically modified crops.
作者信息
Kleter Gijs A, Peijnenburg Ad A C M, Aarts Henk J M
机构信息
RIKILT, Institute of Food Safety, Wageningen University and Research Center, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2005;2005(4):326-52. doi: 10.1155/JBB.2005.326.
The potential effects of horizontal gene transfer on human health are an important item in the safety assessment of genetically modified organisms. Horizontal gene transfer from genetically modified crops to gut microflora most likely occurs with transgenes of microbial origin. The characteristics of microbial transgenes other than antibiotic-resistance genes in market-approved genetically modified crops are reviewed. These characteristics include the microbial source, natural function, function in genetically modified crops, natural prevalence, geographical distribution, similarity to other microbial genes, known horizontal transfer activity, selective conditions and environments for horizontally transferred genes, and potential contribution to pathogenicity and virulence in humans and animals. The assessment of this set of data for each of the microbial genes reviewed does not give rise to health concerns. We recommend including the above-mentioned items into the premarket safety assessment of genetically modified crops carrying transgenes other than those reviewed in the present study.
水平基因转移对人类健康的潜在影响是转基因生物安全评估中的重要一项。转基因作物向肠道微生物群的水平基因转移最有可能发生在具有微生物来源的转基因上。本文综述了市场上已获批的转基因作物中除抗生素抗性基因外的微生物转基因的特征。这些特征包括微生物来源、天然功能、在转基因作物中的功能、天然流行率、地理分布、与其他微生物基因的相似性、已知的水平转移活性、水平转移基因的选择条件和环境，以及对人和动物致病性及毒力的潜在贡献。对所综述的每个微生物基因的这组数据进行评估并未引发健康担忧。我们建议将上述项目纳入对携带本研究未涉及的转基因的转基因作物的上市前安全评估中。
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