Hildebrandt Tom, Schlundt David, Langenbucher James, Chung Tammy
Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey/Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Compr Psychiatry. 2006 Mar-Apr;47(2):127-35. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2005.06.001.
Limited research exists on muscle dysmorphia (MD) in men and in nonclinical populations. The current study evaluated types of body image disturbance among 237 male weightlifters. Latent class analysis of 8 measures of body image disturbance revealed 5 independent types of respondents: Dysmorphic, Muscle Concerned, Fat Concerned, Normal Behavioral, and Normal. One-way analysis of variance of independent measures of body image disturbance and associated psychopathology confirmed significant differences between groups. The Dysmorphic group reported a pattern of body image disturbance consistent with MD by displaying a high overall level of body image disturbance, symptoms of associated psychopathology, steroid use, and appearance-controlling behavior. Findings generally supported classifying MD as a subtype of body dysmorphic disorder and an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder. Implications for studying body image disturbance in male weightlifters, and further evaluation of the MD diagnostic criteria are discussed.
关于男性和非临床人群中的肌肉畸形症（MD）的研究有限。本研究评估了237名男性举重运动员的身体意象障碍类型。对8项身体意象障碍测量指标进行潜在类别分析，揭示了5种独立的受访者类型：畸形型、肌肉关注型、脂肪关注型、正常行为型和正常型。对身体意象障碍和相关精神病理学独立测量指标的单因素方差分析证实了各组之间存在显著差异。畸形型组通过表现出较高的整体身体意象障碍水平、相关精神病理学症状、使用类固醇和外貌控制行为，报告了一种与肌肉畸形症一致的身体意象障碍模式。研究结果总体上支持将肌肉畸形症归类为身体畸形障碍的一种亚型和一种强迫谱系障碍。讨论了对男性举重运动员身体意象障碍研究的意义，以及对肌肉畸形症诊断标准的进一步评估。
