Galloway D L, Goetsch A L, Forster L A, Sun W, Johnson Z B
Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72701.
J Dairy Sci. 1991 Mar;74(3):1038-46. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78253-2.
This study determined the effects of adding a small amount of dried molasses to supplemental corn and of supplementing with corn, wheat middlings, or corn-wheat middlings mixture on intake and digestion by Holstein steers fed warn or cool season grass hays. Eight steers (175 kg BW), in two simultaneous Latin squares, were fed, once daily, bermuda-grass (72% NDF) or ryegrass-wheat (58% NDF) hay ad libitum, alone or with approximately .05% BW of dried molasses (with 31% roughage), 5% BW of ground corn, or both. Adding dried molasses to corn decreased feed intake but did not affect digestible OM intake. Total tract digestion of fiber from bermudagrass tended to be enhanced by adding dried molasses to corn. Eight steers (193 kg BW) were used in an experiment with the same design in which similar forages were fed alone or with corn (.5% BW), wheat middlings (.63% BW), or .25% BW of corn plus .31% BW of middlings. Feed intake for both grasses was similar among supplements. Wheat middlings depressed total tract fiber digestion more than corn with both forages. Supplementation with corn depressed fiber digestion slightly more with ryegrass-wheat than with bermudagrass, but wheat middlings had a slightly greater depressing effect on fiber digestion with bermudagrass. Associative effects of mixing corn and wheat middlings in OM digestion and digestible OM intake were negative for bermudagrass and positive for ryegrass-wheat. Interaction among characteristics of basal forage and concentrate modulated feed intake and digestion by ruminants.
本研究测定了在补充玉米中添加少量干糖蜜以及用玉米、小麦麸或玉米 - 小麦麸混合物进行补充，对采食暖季或冷季禾本科干草的荷斯坦阉牛采食量和消化率的影响。在两个同步拉丁方设计中，8头阉牛（体重175千克）每天饲喂一次百慕大草（中性洗涤纤维含量72%）或黑麦草 - 小麦（中性洗涤纤维含量58%）干草，单独饲喂或添加约0.05%体重的干糖蜜（粗饲料含量31%）、5%体重的粉碎玉米，或两者都添加。在玉米中添加干糖蜜会降低采食量，但不影响可消化有机物质采食量。在玉米中添加干糖蜜，百慕大草纤维的全消化道消化率有提高的趋势。在相同设计实验中使用8头阉牛（体重193千克），同样的牧草单独饲喂或与玉米（0.5%体重）、小麦麸（0.63%体重），或0.25%体重的玉米加0.31%体重的小麦麸一起饲喂。两种牧草在不同补充料间的采食量相似。两种牧草中，小麦麸对全消化道纤维消化率的抑制作用比玉米更大。与百慕大草相比，补充玉米对黑麦草 - 小麦纤维消化率的抑制作用略大，但小麦麸对百慕大草纤维消化率的抑制作用略强。玉米和小麦麸混合对有机物质消化率和可消化有机物质采食量的联合效应，对百慕大草为负，对黑麦草 - 小麦为正。基础牧草和精饲料特性之间的相互作用调节反刍动物的采食量和消化率。
