认知评估与区分“3D”（痴呆、抑郁、谵妄）

Cognitive assessment and differentiating the 3 Ds (dementia, depression, delirium).

作者信息

Milisen Koen, Braes Tom, Fick Donna M, Foreman Marquis D

机构信息

Centre for Health Services and Nursing Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35/4, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

出版信息

Nurs Clin North Am. 2006 Mar;41(1):1-22, v. doi: 10.1016/j.cnur.2005.09.001.

DOI:10.1016/j.cnur.2005.09.001

PMID:16492451

Abstract

Differentiation between a diminished or altered cognitive functioning asa consequence of aging and one resulting from serious health problems is critical in the elderly. An unrecognized cognitive disorder or the worsening of the impairment may hamper the effectiveness and appropriateness of care and treatment; therefore, standardized assessment procedures and systematic monitoring of cognition and behavior are important aspects of the nursing care. of older adults. In this article, current notions for accurate and comprehensive cognitive assessment in older persons are delineated. Further, an overview of epidemiological screening and diagnostic dilemmas of dementia, depression, and deliriumare provided.

摘要

区分因衰老导致的认知功能减退或改变与由严重健康问题引起的认知功能减退或改变，对老年人至关重要。未被识别的认知障碍或损伤的恶化可能会妨碍护理和治疗的有效性及适宜性；因此，标准化评估程序以及对认知和行为的系统监测是老年人护理的重要方面。本文阐述了目前用于准确、全面评估老年人认知的理念。此外，还概述了痴呆、抑郁和谵妄的流行病学筛查及诊断困境。