Yacoub Sophie, Arellano Sergio, Padgett-Moncada Dennis
Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, Chelsea, London, UK.
Injury. 2006 May;37(5):428-34. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2005.12.001. Epub 2006 Feb 21.
Honduras has the second highest incidence of violence in the Americas. The aim of this study is to explore the number and mechanism of fatal injuries, non-fatal injuries and the sequelae of these injuries due to violence. This is compared with unintentional injuries, in the capital of Honduras for 2001, with a view to better-targeted prevention.
Data for non-fatal injuries was retrospectively obtained from medical records of all admissions from the public Emergency Department in Tegucigalpa for 2001. Data on fatal injuries were obtained from the national forensic department. All injuries were reviewed for intention, mechanism and age group.
There were 1631 (rate 138/100,000) fatal injuries recorded for 2001 in Tegucigalpa. Of these, 1149 (70.4%) were due to violence, compared to 355 (21.8%) due to unintentional injuries and 127 (7.8%) of unknown intent. Homicides accounted for 1044 (64%), suicides 105 (6.4%) and unintentional deaths 355 (22%). Firearms were the leading cause of death in the homicide group (84.3%). In addition 1592 (rate 235/100,000) non-fatal injuries were documented for people 15 years and above, with 1228 (77.1%) caused by violence, of which 640 (52.1%) were caused by firearms. The age group 15-24 years had the highest rates of fatal and non-fatal injuries due to violence. Twenty percent had permanent sequelae as a result of their injuries. Firearm injuries had the highest proportion of sequelae (28.8%).
Violence in Tegucigalpa is a major cause of injury resulting in substantial morbidity, mortality and disability, particularly in young individuals. Firearms are the most common form of violence related injury mechanism and carry the highest associated mortality and permanent disability. Prevention programs are urgently needed to address this devastating problem.
洪都拉斯的暴力发生率在美洲排名第二。本研究旨在探讨暴力导致的致命伤、非致命伤的数量及机制，以及这些伤害的后遗症。将其与2001年洪都拉斯首都的意外伤害情况进行比较，以期实现更有针对性的预防。
非致命伤的数据通过回顾性研究，从特古西加尔巴市公立急诊科2001年所有入院患者的病历中获取。致命伤的数据则来自国家法医部门。对所有伤害的意图、机制和年龄组进行了审查。
2001年特古西加尔巴记录了1631例（比率为138/10万）致命伤。其中，1149例（70.4%）是由暴力导致的，相比之下，355例（21.8%）是意外伤害，127例（7.8%）意图不明。杀人案占1044例（64%），自杀占105例（6.4%），意外死亡占355例（22%）。枪支是杀人案组的主要死因（84.3%）。此外，15岁及以上人群记录了1592例（比率为235/10万）非致命伤，其中1228例（77.1%）由暴力导致，其中640例（52.1%）由枪支造成。15 - 24岁年龄组因暴力导致的致命伤和非致命伤发生率最高。20%的伤者因伤留下了永久性后遗症。枪支伤的后遗症比例最高（28.8%）。
特古西加尔巴的暴力是导致大量发病、死亡和残疾的主要伤害原因，尤其是在年轻人中。枪支是与暴力相关伤害机制中最常见的形式，且相关死亡率和永久性残疾率最高。迫切需要开展预防项目来解决这一毁灭性问题。
