Marfil C F, Masuelli R W, Davison J, Comai L
Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, INTA La Consulta, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, U.N. de Cuyo, A. Brown 500 (M5528AHB) Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina.
Genome. 2006 Feb;49(2):104-13. doi: 10.1139/g05-088.
The use of interspecific crosses in breeding is an important strategy in improving the genetic base of the modern cultivated potato, Solanum tuberosum L. Until now, it has normally been interspecific Solanum hybrids that have been morphologically and cytologically characterized. However, little is known about the genomic changes that may occur in the hybrid nucleus owing to the combination of genomes of different origin. We have observed novel AFLP bands in Solanum tuberosum x Solanum kurtzianum diploid hybrids; 40 novel fragments were detected out of 138 AFLP fragments analyzed. No cytological abnormalities were observed in the hybrids; however, we found DNA methylation changes that could be the cause of the observed genomic instabilities. Of 277 MSAP fragments analyzed, 14% showed methylation patterns that differed between the parental species and the hybrids. We also observed frequent methylation changes in the BC1 progeny. Variation patterns among F1 and BC1 plants suggest that some methylation changes occurred at random. The changes observed may have implications for potato breeding as an additional source of variability.
种间杂交在育种中的应用是改善现代栽培马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）遗传基础的一项重要策略。到目前为止，通常对种间茄属杂种进行形态学和细胞学特征分析。然而，对于不同来源基因组组合可能导致的杂种细胞核基因组变化却知之甚少。我们在马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）×库氏茄（Solanum kurtzianum）二倍体杂种中观察到了新的AFLP条带；在分析的138个AFLP片段中检测到40个新片段。在杂种中未观察到细胞学异常；然而，我们发现DNA甲基化变化可能是观察到的基因组不稳定的原因。在分析的277个MSAP片段中，14%的片段显示出亲本物种和杂种之间不同的甲基化模式。我们还在BC1后代中观察到频繁的甲基化变化。F1和BC1植株之间的变异模式表明，一些甲基化变化是随机发生的。观察到的这些变化可能作为一种额外的变异来源对马铃薯育种具有重要意义。
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