Leite Maurício Soares, Santos Ricardo Ventura, Gugelmin Silvia Angela, Coimbra Carlos E A
Dept. of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Health Sciences Center, Trindade University Campus, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2006 Feb;22(2):265-76. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2006000200004. Epub 2006 Feb 20.
This study describes the physical growth and employs anthropometry to assess the nutritional status of a Xavánte indigenous community in central Brazil. Weight, stature, arm circumference, and triceps skinfold were measured in 549 individuals 0 to 90 years of age. Compared to the NCHS reference population, the children presented low height and weight for age, although maintaining body proportionality. Based on WHO criteria, 31.7% of children less than five years presented stunting, while 69.9% of adults presented some degree of overweight. Body composition measures in both genders were situated between the 25th and 50th percentiles of the NCHS reference population until adolescence, when they surpassed the medians. However the mean arm muscle area was consistently above the 50th percentile. The authors call attention to the complexity of the Xavánte epidemiological and nutritional profile, arguing that the study's findings have significant implications for the healthcare system serving this population, in addition to highlighting relevant ecological and socioeconomic issues, particularly in relation to food sustainability and nutritional transition.
本研究描述了巴西中部一个沙万特土著社区的身体发育情况，并采用人体测量学方法评估其营养状况。对549名0至90岁的个体测量了体重、身高、上臂围和肱三头肌皮褶厚度。与美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）的参考人群相比，该社区儿童的身高和体重低于同龄人，但身体比例保持正常。根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的标准，5岁以下儿童中有31.7%发育迟缓，而69.9%的成年人存在一定程度的超重。在青春期之前，该社区男女的身体成分指标均处于NCHS参考人群的第25至50百分位数之间，青春期时则超过了中位数。然而，平均上臂肌肉面积一直高于第50百分位数。作者提醒人们注意沙万特人群流行病学和营养状况的复杂性，认为该研究结果对为这一人群服务的医疗体系具有重要意义，同时也凸显了相关的生态和社会经济问题，特别是在粮食可持续性和营养转型方面。
