Engel Sophia, Klaassen Raymond H G, Klaassen Marcel, Biebach Herbert
Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Seewiesen, Von-der-Tann-Str 7, 82346, Andechs, Germany.
J Comp Physiol B. 2006 Aug;176(6):527-34. doi: 10.1007/s00360-006-0075-x. Epub 2006 Mar 1.
Exhaled air temperature (T (exh)) has a paramount effect on respiratory water loss during flight. For migratory birds, low T (exh) potentially reduces water loss and increases flight range. However, only three studies provide empirical data on T (exh) during flight. The aim of this study was to record T (exh) of birds during rest and flight at a range of controlled ambient temperatures (T (amb)). One wigeon and two teal flew a total of 20 times in a wind tunnel at T (amb) ranging from 1 degrees to 24 degrees C. T (exh) during flight did not differ between the two species and was strongly correlated with T (amb) (T (exh)=1.036 T (amb) + 13.426; R2=0.58). In addition, body temperature had a weak positive effect on T (exh). At a given T (amb), T (exh )was about 5 degrees C. higher during flight than at rest.
呼出气温度（T（exh））对飞行过程中的呼吸水分流失有着至关重要的影响。对于候鸟来说，较低的T（exh）可能会减少水分流失并增加飞行距离。然而，仅有三项研究提供了关于飞行过程中T（exh）的实证数据。本研究的目的是在一系列可控的环境温度（T（amb））下记录鸟类在休息和飞行时的T（exh）。一只赤颈鸭和两只绿翅鸭在风洞中于1摄氏度至24摄氏度的T（amb）范围内总共飞行了20次。两种鸟类飞行时的T（exh）并无差异，且与T（amb）密切相关（T（exh）=1.036T（amb）+13.426；R2=0.58）。此外，体温对T（exh）有微弱的正向影响。在给定的T（amb）下，飞行时的T（exh）比休息时约高5摄氏度。
