Mochizuki Tomoyuki, Muneta Takeshi, Sakaguchi Yusuke, Nimura Akimoto, Yokoyama Akiko, Koga Hideyuki, Sekiya Ichiro
Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Tokyo, Japan.
Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Mar;54(3):843-53. doi: 10.1002/art.21651.
Mesenchymal stem cells from synovium have a greater proliferation and chondrogenic potential than do those from bone marrow, periosteum, fat, and muscle. This study was undertaken to compare fibrous synovium and adipose synovium (components of the synovium with subsynovium) to determine which is a more suitable source for mesenchymal stem cells, especially for cartilage regeneration, and to examine the features of adipose synovium-derived cells, fibrous synovium-derived cells, and subcutaneous fat-derived cells to determine their similarities.
Human fibrous synovium, adipose synovium, and subcutaneous fat were harvested from 4 young donors and 4 elderly donors. After digestion, the nucleated cells were plated at a density considered proper to expand at a maximum rate without colony-to-colony contact. The surface epitopes, proliferative capacity, cloning efficiency, and chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potentials of the cells were compared.
Fibrous synovium- and adipose synovium-derived cells were higher in STRO-1 and CD106 and lower in CD10 compared with subcutaneous fat-derived cells. Cells derived from fibrous and adipose synovium had higher proliferative potential and colony-forming efficiency compared with subcutaneous fat-derived cells, both in mixed-population and in single-cell-derived cultures. In chondrogenic assays, pellets from fibrous synovium- and adipose synovium-derived cells produced more cartilage matrix than did cell pellets from subcutaneous fat. Osteogenic ability was also higher in fibrous synovium- and adipose synovium-derived cells, whereas adipogenic potential was nearly indistinguishable among the 3 populations. Differentiation potential of the cells was similar between young and elderly donors.
Cells derived from the fibrous synovium and from the adipose synovium demonstrate comparable chondrogenic potential. Adipose synovium-derived cells are more similar to fibrous synovium-derived cells than to subcutaneous fat-derived cells.
滑膜间充质干细胞比骨髓、骨膜、脂肪和肌肉来源的间充质干细胞具有更强的增殖能力和软骨形成潜力。本研究旨在比较纤维性滑膜和脂肪性滑膜（滑膜与滑膜下层的组成部分），以确定哪一种是更适合作为间充质干细胞的来源，特别是用于软骨再生，并研究脂肪性滑膜来源细胞、纤维性滑膜来源细胞和皮下脂肪来源细胞的特征，以确定它们的相似性。
从4名年轻供体和4名老年供体中获取人纤维性滑膜、脂肪性滑膜和皮下脂肪。消化后，将有核细胞以适当密度接种，以在不发生集落间接触的情况下以最大速率扩增。比较细胞的表面表位、增殖能力、克隆效率以及软骨形成、成骨和成脂分化潜能。
与皮下脂肪来源的细胞相比，纤维性滑膜和脂肪性滑膜来源的细胞中STRO-1和CD106水平较高，而CD10水平较低。在混合群体和单细胞来源培养物中，纤维性滑膜和脂肪性滑膜来源的细胞与皮下脂肪来源的细胞相比，具有更高的增殖潜力和集落形成效率。在软骨形成试验中，纤维性滑膜和脂肪性滑膜来源细胞形成的细胞团产生的软骨基质比皮下脂肪细胞团更多。纤维性滑膜和脂肪性滑膜来源细胞的成骨能力也更高，而三者的成脂潜能几乎没有差异。年轻和老年供体来源细胞的分化潜能相似。
纤维性滑膜和脂肪性滑膜来源的细胞具有相当的软骨形成潜能。脂肪性滑膜来源的细胞与纤维性滑膜来源的细胞比与皮下脂肪来源的细胞更相似。
