Sweeney Joseph D
Brown University, Transfusion Services and Coagulation, Lifespan Academic Medical Center, Providence, RI 02904, United States.
Transfus Apher Sci. 2006 Apr;34(2):213-8. doi: 10.1016/j.transci.2005.11.006. Epub 2006 Feb 28.
Red cell products are currently sourced from whole blood and apheresis donations. Whole blood derived red cell products may show up to a two-fold variation in red cell content (potency); apheresis derived red cell products are currently more standardized to a red cell content of 180 ml and with much less variation, approximately 6%. Whole blood collections can be modified to produce a more standardized red cell content and apheresis collections can also be modified to increase variability. The advantage of a standardized red cell product lies in the greater degree of predictability of clinical outcome for any predefined recipient. This, in turn, could result in an alteration in physician prescribing practices, avoiding over-transfusion, especially in low volume recipients. An alternative would be to measure and label the potency of each red cell product, allowing some degree of recipient defined product choice by the transfusion service. The current situation where red cell products are prescribed in non-standard 'units' is outdated and unscientific.
红细胞制品目前来源于全血捐献和单采捐献。全血来源的红细胞制品的红细胞含量（效价）可能会有高达两倍的差异；单采来源的红细胞制品目前的红细胞含量更标准化，为180毫升，且差异小得多，约为6%。全血采集可以进行改进以产生更标准化的红细胞含量，单采采集也可以进行改进以增加变异性。标准化红细胞制品的优势在于，对于任何预先定义的受者，临床结果的可预测性更高。反过来，这可能会导致医生处方习惯的改变，避免过度输血，尤其是在低血量受者中。另一种选择是测量并标记每种红细胞制品的效价，使输血服务机构能够在一定程度上根据受者的需求来选择产品。目前按照非标准“单位”开具红细胞制品处方的情况既过时又不科学。
